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中国银莲花属新分类-2021年增刊
王文采   
中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京100093
摘要:
该文对中国毛茛科银莲花属(Anemone L.)进行了分类学研究,共收载86 种,可将这些种划分为10 组:其中5 组,即草玉梅组、西南银莲花组、钝裂银莲花组、短柱银莲花组和直果银莲花组均是该属具中等演 化水平的分类群;另外5 组,即银莲花组、鹅掌草组、卵叶银莲花组、二岐银莲花组和打破碗花花组则均是具 高度演化水平的分类群。 在这10 组中,钝裂银莲花组与银莲花组有相近的亲缘关系,短柱银莲花组与鹅掌 草组有相近的亲缘关系,而其余6 组之间的亲缘关系情况,目前尚未了解。 该文写出了区别所有属下分类 群的检索表、所有分类群的文献引证和地理分布,并对每一种均指出了研究的重要标本,对多数种均提供插 图。 描述了2 新组(短柱银莲花组和直果银莲花组)、4 新系(鹅掌草组的鹤峰银莲花系和加查银莲花系,以 及直果银莲花组的兴义银莲花系和直果银莲花系)、13 新种(九龙银莲花、柏枝山银莲花、狭萼银莲花、道孚 银莲花、泸定银莲花、波密银莲花、嘎隆拉山银莲花、三小叶银莲花、折多山银莲花、宝兴银莲花、贡嘎银莲 花、福贡银莲花和盘蕊银莲花)、1 新亚种(长柄钝裂银莲花)以及4 新变种(紫萼折多山银莲花、矮展毛银莲 花、疏毛川西银莲花和泸水银莲花)。 此外,还将变种条叶银莲花提升为种级分类群;将涪陵银莲花降级作 为川西银莲花的一个变种;由于Anemone rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. 为一不合法的晚出异物同名,遂拟出一 新名(Anemone neorupestris W. T. Wang);小花草玉梅在过去多年间被处理为草玉梅的一个变种,在该文中其 原来种级群的地位得到恢复;1939 年,H. Handel ̄Mazzetti 将变种云南银莲花归并于展毛银莲花,将稀果银莲 花归并于滇川银莲花,对此二归并,该文赞同并采用。
关键词:  毛茛科, 银莲花属, 分类, 中国
DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw2021Suppl.1
分类号:Q949
文章编号:1000-3142(2021)增刊1-0001-118
Fund project:中国科学院植物研究所资助王文采院士科研活动经费(110100PZ07) [Supported by the Fund for WANG Wen ̄tsai Academician Scientific Research of Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences (110100PZ07)]
A new classification of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) of China
Wang Wen-tsai   
State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,institute of Bptany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China
Abstract:
A taxonomic study of the genus Anemone (Ranunculaceae) of China has been conducted. Eighty ̄six species are recognized and classified into ten sections. Of them; five sections; Rivularidium; Anemonanthea; Himalayicae; Brachycladus and Pleurocarpus; are groups with medium ̄evolutionary level; and the another five sections; Omalocarpus; Stolonifera; Begoniifolia; Anemonidium and Anemone; are groups with high ̄evolutionary level. In these ten sections; Sect. Himalayicae is closely related to Sect. Omalocarpus; Sect. Brachycladus is closely related to Sect. Stolonifera; and the relationships among the other six sections are not yet clear now. A key to sections; series; species and infraspecific taxa; and literature citations and geographic distributions for all taxa are presented. Records of important specimens studied for each species and illustrations for most species are provided. Two sections ( Sects. Brachycladus and Pleurocarpus); four series (Ser. Hofengenses and Ser. Jiachaenses under Sect. Stolonifera and Ser. Xingyienses and Ser. Orthocarpae under Sect. Pleurocarpus); thirteen species (A. jiulongensis; A. baizhishanica; A. stenosepala; A. daofuensis; A. ludingensis; A. bomiensis; A. galonglashanica; A. trifoliolata; A. zheduoshanica; A. baoxingensis; A. gonggaensis; A. fugongensis and A. discoideogyna); one subspecies (A. obtusiloba ssp. dolichopoda); and four varieties (A. zheduoshanica var. atropurpurea; A. prattii var. sparsipilifera; A. fugongensis var. lushuiensis and A. demissa var. humilis) are described as new. Besides; A. obtusiloba ssp. trullifolia var. linearis Bruhl is elevated to specific rankꎻ A. fulingensis is relegated to a variety under A. prattiiꎻ due to that A. rupestris Hook. f. & Thoms. is an illegitimate later homonym; its specific epithet ‘rupestris’ is changed as ‘neorupestris’ in this paperꎻ A. barbulata; long relegated to a variety under A. rivularis; is restored to its previous specific rankꎻ and the reduction of A. demissa var. yunnanensis Franch. to var. demissa; and the reduction of A. oligocarpa Pei to A. delavayi Franch; by H. Handel ̄Mazzetti in 1939 are accepted in this paper.
Key words:  Ranunculaceae, Anemone, classification, China
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