鸢尾属分子系统发育学研究进展

Advances in molecular phylogeny of Iris

关键词:  鸢尾属, 分类, 分子系统发育, 进化, 基因组

Key words:  Iris, classification, molecular phylogeny, evolution, genomes

摘要:

鸢尾属植物具有重要的观赏价值和经济价值,研究该属属内系统演化关系对该属种质保存、利用和遗传育种具有重要意义。目前,有关鸢尾属各分类单元的系统学关系长期处于争议状态。因此,该文以经典分类系统主要观点为基础,从不同分类单元的系统关系总结了鸢尾属分子系统发育学研究进展。结果表明:现有分子系统发育学研究结果大多支持鸢尾属为并系,且该属存在多个起源,属下的有髯鸢尾亚属、无髯鸢尾亚属均为多系,朱诺鸢尾亚属可分为5个分支,其中朱诺鸢尾组为多系。有髯鸢尾亚属和无髯鸢尾亚属下多个组的分类地位尚未确立。同时,该研究结果显示无髯鸢尾组下的加利福尼亚鸢尾系和金脉鸢尾亚系可能为复合种类群,从而导致近缘种种间形态特征界限模糊。此外,还确立了经典分类系统中部分存疑种的分类地位,如将射干和野鸢尾并入鸢尾属、将蛇头鸢尾和中甸鸢尾分别归入网脉鸢尾亚属和尼泊尔鸢尾亚属等。该文还对鸢尾属起源分布和进化历史等进行了展望,为今后鸢尾属的进一步研究提供了参考。

Abstract:

Iris plants have important ornamental and economic values. The study on the phylogenetic relationship of Iris is of great significance for the conservation, utilization and genetic breeding of Iris. At present, the systematic relations of the taxonomic units of Iris have been long in dispute. Thus, this paper reviewed the progress of molecular phylogeny of Iris from the systematic relations of different taxonomic units based on the traditional taxonomy system. The results were as follows: Iris is paraphyletic with multiple origins, while the Subgen. Iris, Subgen. Limniris are both polyphyletic. Subgen. Scorpiris can be divided into five branches, among which the Sect. Juno is polyphyletic. The Ser. Californicae and Subser. Chrysographes may be composite species groups, which blurred the boundary of morphologic features among sibling species of the two lineages. Some species with unclear taxonomic statuses in classical taxonomy has been confirmed, which showed that Belamcanda chinensis and Iris dichotoma should be incorporated into Iris. I. tuberosa and I. subdichotoma should be classified into Subgen. Hermodactyloides and Subgen. Nepalensis, respectively. We also prospected the related researches focusing on the origin, distribution and evolution history of Iris and put forward some suggestions on the research methods aiming to provide reference for further study.