温度对兰州百合鳞片埋培繁殖的影响

Effects of temperature treatments on bulblet propagation of Lilium davidii var. unicolor scales in peatmoos substrate

关键词:  兰州百合, 鳞片, 温度处理, 基质埋培, 小鳞茎繁殖

Key words:  Lilium davidii var. unicolor,scale,temperature treatment,propagation by substrate embedding,bulblet propagation

摘要:

为了筛选出兰州百合鳞片埋培繁殖的最适温度和鳞片层次,解决兰州百合种源不足、繁育周期长的问题,该文以兰州百合鳞片为材料,采用温度(20、25、30 ℃)和鳞片层次(外层、中层、内层)二因素完全随机区组设计,研究了二因素对兰州百合鳞片埋培繁殖效果的影响。通过对鳞片疑似发病率、分化率及小鳞茎分化数进行统计与分析,结果发现不同温度处理及各鳞片层次对鳞片疑似发病率、分化率及小鳞茎分化数的影响存在显著或极显著差异。结果表明:(1)温度越高,鳞片的疑似发病率越低,在埋培2周时,20 ℃处理下疑似发病率最高(38.67%),30 ℃处理下最低(10%); 各层次鳞片的疑似发病率由高到低依次为外层>中层>内层。(2)在25、30 ℃处理下,小鳞茎分化率最高,埋培结束(6周)时分别为91.33%、90.89%; 中层及内层鳞片小鳞茎分化率极显著高于外层鳞片。(3)30 ℃处理下鳞片形成小鳞茎数最多,在埋培6周时达到每片2.00粒; 同时中层及内层鳞片小鳞茎分化数显著高于外层鳞片。综上结果表明,兰州百合鳞片埋培繁殖以选用中层(3～4层)、内层(5～7层)鳞片在25～30 ℃条件下繁殖效果最好。

Abstract:

In order to screen the optimum temperature and scale level of Lilium davidii var. unicolor scales and to solve the problems of insufficient provenance and long breeding cycle, we selected scales of L. davidii var. unicolor as material, fully randomized block design using two factors(temperature and scale layer), with temperature of 20, 25 and 30 ℃, scale layers of outer layer, middle layer and inner layer. Suspected incidence of scales, differentiation rate and number of small bulb were analyzed. Results showed that there were significant or extremely significant differences in the effects of different temperature treatments and layers on the suspected incidence, differentiation rate and small bulb differentiation of scales. The results were as follows:(1)The higer the temperature, the lower the suspected incidence of scales. Suspected incidence rate was the highest(38.67%)under 20 ℃ treated after two weeks, 30 ℃ the lowest(10%). Every layers of suspected incidence from high to low was outer layer > middle layer > inner layer.(2)Scale differentiation rate was the highest under 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ treated after six weeks which was 91.33% and 90.89%, respectively. The differentiation rates of small bulbs on middle and inner scales were significantly higher than that on outer scales.(3)The number of small bulbs formed on scales was the largest under 30 ℃ treatment after six weeks, which was 2.00 per scale. Meanwhile, the number of small bulbs on middle and inner scales were significantly higher than that on outer scales. It is suggested that middle scale(3-4 layers), inner scale(5-7 layers)cultivate temperature was the best condition for L. davidii var. unicolor scales propagation by substrate embedding under 25-30 ℃.