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| 泛基因组研究在遗传多样性和功能基因组学中的应用 |
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向坤莉1, 贺文闯1, 邹 益1, 彭 丹1, 张晓妮1,
廖雪竹1, 王 杰1,2, 杨健康3, 武志强1*
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1. 中国农业科学院(深圳)农业基因组研究所, 广东 深圳518120;2. 浙江农林大学 风景园林与
建筑学院, 杭州 311300;3. 大理大学 基础医学院, 云南 大理 671000
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| 摘要: |
| 相对于单个参考基因组仅聚焦于个体遗传信息的挖掘,泛基因组研究则能够反映整个物种或类群全部的遗传信息。随着基因组测序和分析技术的不断发展,泛基因组学逐渐成为新的研究热点,并已在植物、动物和微生物多个物种中获得了广泛应用,为全面解析物种或类群水平的遗传变异和多样性、功能基因组和系统进化重建等研究提供了强有力的工具,取得了很多显著的研究成果。尽管如此,由于泛基因组学研究尚处于发展阶段,测序费用和分析成本仍然较高,难以广泛普及; 且存在分析标准不一、数据挖掘不够全面深入、理论难以应用于生产实际等尚待解决的问题,仍有较大的发展空间。该文系统总结了泛基因组在生物遗传多样性挖掘和功能基因组学中的研究进展,主要包括其在泛基因组图谱的构建、基因组变异和有利基因的发掘、功能基因的多态性、群体遗传多样性和系统进化等多个领域中的应用和研究,探讨了其在不同领域的应用潜力。同时,讨论了目前泛基因组研究中存在的局限性和可能的解决方法,并对其将来的发展前景进行了展望。 |
| 关键词: 泛基因组, 结构变异, 功能基因, 遗传多样性, 系统进化 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202101002 |
| 分类号:Q943.2 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2021)10-1674-09 |
| Fund project:国家自然科学基金(31970244); 中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所启动资金(SJXW19073)[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970244); Start-up Fund of Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(SJXW19073)]。 |
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| Application of pan-genome in genetic diversity and functional genomics |
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XIANG Kunli1, HE Wenchuang1, ZOU Yi1, PENG Dan1, ZHANG Xiaoni1,
LIAO Xuezhu1, WANG Jie1,2, YANG Jiankang3, WU Zhiqiang1*
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1. Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, Guangdong, China;2. School of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture &3.Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;4.3. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan, China
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| Abstract: |
| The pan-genome can represent all of the genetic diversities in a species or population, which is a limitation for obtaining only one single reference genome. The pan-genomics is becoming a new hot research area and being widely applicated in researches of many species in plants, animals and microorganisms, as the development of the whole genome sequencing and analysis technology. It provides powerful tools for resolving the genetic variation and polymorphism at levels of species or taxa, researches of functional genomics and reconstruction of phylogenetics, obtaining abundant of significant research achievements. However, present researches on pan-genomics still need to improve due to several problems, e.g., extensive cost of whole genome sequencing and data analysis, inconsistent analysis standards, lack of deeper and comprehensive explanation of the obtained data, and difficulty of application of the research achievements. We summarized the research progresses of pan-genomes on exploitation of genetic diversity and functional genomics, including construction of a pan-genome map, identification of genome variations and favorable genes, polymorphism of functional genes, population genetic diversity and systematic evolution, and discussed its potential in application of different research fields. Furthermore, we discussed the limitations existed in the present studies and possible solutions, and presented the prospect in the future on pan-genomics. |
| Key words: pan-genome, structural variants, functional gene, genetic diversity, systematic evolution |
