钩藤钩器官形态发育的解剖学研究

Anatomical study on the morphological development of hook organ of Uncaria rhynchophylla

关键词:  钩藤, 形态发育, 解剖学, 器官

Key words:  Uncaria rhynchophylla, morphological development, anatomy, organ

摘要:

为了解钩藤钩的微观形态发育过程,该文利用石蜡切片的方法,对钩藤营养器官分枝茎钩的微观形态特征进行解剖和比较分析。结果表明:钩与茎之间在解剖学上既有相关性,又各有其自身的特征; 其相关性表现在茎的内部结构大体上决定着其钩的内部结构,充分体现钩是由着生在茎上的侧枝变态发育形成的; 在钩发育中期逐渐形成与茎类似的内部结构; 茎的内部结构组成在数量上比钩更丰富,钩只有初生结构; 钩藤茎与钩的药用成分积累没有本质的区别,均主要分布在韧皮部和木质部及皮层薄壁细胞。由此可知,钩藤钩器官是由茎变态发育形成,但只有初生结构。该研究结果可辅助解决某些仅靠形态学性状难以解决的分类鉴定问题,为判断钩状茎或卷须茎的变态来源提供理论参考依据。

Abstract:

In order to understand the microscopic morphological development process of hook organ of Uncaria rhynchophylla, using paraffin section method, the microscopic morphological features of branch stems and hook of U. rhynchophylla were dissected and compared. The results were as follows: The hook and the stem were both anatomically related and had their own characteristics, and the correlation was that the internal structure of the stem generally determined the internal structure of the hook, which fully reflected that the hook was formed by the metamorphosis of the side branches on the stem; In the middle of hook development, it gradually form an internal structure similar to the stem; The internal structural composition of the stem was more abundant in quantity than the hook, but the hook had only a primary structure; There was no essential difference in the accumulation of medicinal components between the stem and the hook of U. rhynchophylla, the medicinal ingredients were mainly distributed in the phloem, xylem and cortical parenchyma cells. In summary, U. rhynchophylla hook organs were formed by metamorphosis of stems, but only have primary structures. This research can help solve some classification and identification problems that are difficult to solve by morphological traits only, and provides a theoretical reference for judging the abnormal source of hooked stems or tendril stems.