中国植物分类及标本采集史简述

A concise introduction to the plant taxonomy and specimen collection in China

关键词:  生物多样性, 中国, 生态文明, 植物分类, 标本采集

Key words:  biodiversity, China, ecological civilization, plant taxonomy, specimen collection

摘要:

植物分类学是一门古老的科学,其发展也受到了社会历史变革的深刻影响。该文通过对我国植物分类学研究和发展史进行简要回顾,根据人们对植物分类学科的认识程度以及社会重大历史事件等,将我国植物分类的发展史大体分为原始、古代、近代和现代4个阶段,并对各阶段进行了简要说明。植物标本是植物分类研究最基本和最重要的凭证材料,因此我国的植物标本采集史也见证了植物采集人员在我国植物分类学研究发展的历史过程中所付出的血汗、泪水甚至生命。植物资源的保护和种质资源的收集和保存正日益成为我国生态文明建设的主要内容,在新时代生物多样性保护的背景下,植物分类学和植物分类研究人员将会发挥更重要的作用,为我国的生物多样性保护提供更加有力的支撑。

Abstract:

Plant taxonomy is an ancient science and its development has also been profoundly affected by social changes. The development history of plant taxonomy in China is briefly reviewed and summarized here. According to the people's understanding of plant taxonomy and major historical events, the development history of plant taxonomy in China can be roughly divided into primitive stage, ancient stage, modern stage and contemporary stage, and each stage is briefly described. Plant specimens are the most basic and important voucher material for plant taxonomy. Therefore, the collection of plant specimens has witnessed the blood, sweat, tears, and even the lives of plant collectors, during the development of plant taxonomic research in China. At present, the protection of plant resources and the collection and preservation of germplasm resources are increasingly becoming the main task of the ecological civilization construction in China. Under the circumstance of biodiversity conservation in this new era, plant taxonomy and taxonomists will play a more important role and provide strong support for biodiversity conservation in China.