HCO-3对植物生长发育及代谢的促进作用

Promoting effect of bicarbonate(HCO-3)on plant growth and metabolism

关键词:  重碳酸盐, 植物, 生长, 耦合, 代谢

Key words:  bicarbonate, plant, growth, coupling, metabolism

摘要:

重碳酸盐(bicarbonate, HCO^-₃)是碳酸盐岩经岩溶作用风化的产物,它深刻地影响着植物的生长发育和岩溶地区的生态环境。以往研究大都关注HCO^-₃对植物生长代谢的负面影响,如抑制植物的光合作用、降低碳氮代谢关键酶活性、破坏离子平衡等,少有人关注其对植物生长代谢的积极作用。该文依据前人的研究结果,综述了HCO^-₃对植物生长代谢的促进作用。已有的研究工作显示,HCO^-₃不仅在干旱等逆境胁迫下为植物提供短期的碳源和水源,促进气孔打开,恢复光合作用,而且通过调节碳氮代谢关键酶活性促进植物的碳氮代谢,参与调控植物的碳同化和氮还原等复杂的生理过程; 此外,HCO^-₃还通过影响葡萄糖代谢歧化,改变植物糖酵解途径和磷酸戊糖途径的分配,以增强植物的抗逆能力,从而获取生存机会。HCO^-₃的这些积极作用不仅使之成为促进植物生理代谢的关键因子,而且成为连接光合作用和岩溶作用的纽带。阐明HCO^-₃对植物生长发育的积极作用,可为维护喀斯特生态系统的生物多样性和稳定性、优化喀斯特生态系统功能提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Bicarbonate(HCO^-₃)is the product of karst weathering of carbonate rocks, which profoundly affects the growth and development of plants and the ecological environment in karst areas. Previous studies mostly focused on the negative effects of HCO^-₃ on plant growth and metabolism, such as inhibiting plant photosynthesis, reducing the activity of key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and damaging ion balance, while few people paid attention to its positive effects on plant growth and metabolism. Based on the results of previous studies, this paper reviewed the role of HCO^-₃ in promoting plant growth and metabolism. Previous studies have shown that HCO^- ₃ is not only provides short-term carbon and water sources for plants under stress such as drought, but also promotes stomatal opening and restores photosynthesis. At the same time, it also promotes plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism by regulating the key enzyme activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and participates in the regulation of complex physiological processes such as carbon assimilation and nitrogen reduction in plants. In addition, HCO^-₃ can also change the distribution of glycolysis pathway and pentose phosphate pathway by affecting glucose metabolism disproportionation, so as to enhance the stress resistance of plants and obtain survival opportunities. These positive effects of HCO^-₃ not only make it a key factor to promote plant physiological metabolism, but also become a link connecting photosynthesis and karstification. Clarifying the positive effect of HCO^-₃ on plant growth and development can provide a theoretical basis for maintaining the biodiversity and stability of karst ecosystem and optimizing the function of karst ecosystem.