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| 中国水韭属两个四倍体新种(英文) |
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舒江平1,2, 顾钰峰1,3, 欧治国4, 邵 文5, 杨 娟6, 陆奇勇6,
张宪春7, 刘保东3, 王瑞江2*, 严岳鸿1*
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1. 深圳市兰科植物保护研究中心 兰科植物保护与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 广东 深圳 518114;2. 中国科学院华南植物园
植物资源保护与可持续利用重点实验室, 广州 510650;3. 哈尔滨师范大学 生命科学与技术学院, 哈尔滨 150025;4. 湖南尚捷仪器
有限公司, 长沙 410000;5. 上海辰山植物园 上海辰山植物科学研究中心, 上海 201602;6.6. 通道侗族自治县林业局,
湖南 怀化 418500;7.7. 中国科学院植物研究所 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
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| 摘要: |
| 水韭属(Isoëtes)是起源最为古老的水生维管植物,全属物种均被列为国家一级重点保护植物。通过对全国水韭属植物的调查和研究发现,不同产地的四倍体植株在形态上存在显著差异。基于形态学、孢粉学和细胞学证据,将分布于中国湖南省长沙地区和怀化地区的四倍体居群分别命名为隆平水韭(Isoëtes longpingii)和湘妃水韭(I. xiangfei),并详细描述了其形态特征。隆平水韭形态上与中华水韭(I. sinensis)相似,不同之处在于其大孢子具小的瘤状或冠状纹饰,叶细长而柔弱,长达60 cm; 该种也与六倍体东方水韭(I. orientalis)相似,不同之处在于其染色体44条,大孢子具瘤状或冠状纹饰。湘妃水韭的大孢子纹饰虽与二倍体云贵水韭(I. yunguiensis)相似,但在小孢子纹饰、孢子囊形状和染色体数目方面却不同。隆平水韭仅少数植株生长于湖南省宁乡市一处池塘,完全沉水生长,而湘妃水韭则分布于怀化市通道县和会同县的湿地。由于这两个新种的分布区狭窄,野生居群数量和个体数较少,栖息地环境受到人为干扰,因此根据IUCN红色名录评估标准,将隆平水韭评为极危(CR)等级,湘妃水韭评为易危(VU)等级。所编制的中国已知水韭属物种的分种检索表,为本属物种的鉴定和保护工作提供了重要参考。 |
| 关键词: 新分类群, 水韭属, 石松类植物, 多倍体, 异型孢子, 水生植物 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202112045 |
| 分类号: |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2022)10-1623-09 |
| Fund project:中国科学院战略先导项目(XDA19050404); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(3217020964); 哈尔滨师范大学研究生创新项目(HSDBSCX2021-01); 兰科植物保护与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室开放基金项目(OC202103)[Supported by Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA19050404); National Natural Science Foundation of China(3217020964); Harbin Normal University Postgraduate Innovation Project(HSDBSCX2021-01); Open Fund of Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration of Orchid Conservation and Utilization(OC202103)]。 |
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| Two new tetraploid quillwort species, Isoëtes longpingii and I. xiangfei from China(Isoëtaceae) |
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SHU Jiangping1, 2, GU Yufeng1, 3, OU Zhiguo4, SHAO Wen5, YANG Juan6, LU Qiyong6,
ZHANG Xianchun7, LIU Baodong3, WANG Ruijiang2*, YAN Yuehong1*
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1. Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, the Orchid Conservation &2.Research
Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518114, Guangdong, China;3.2. Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South
China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;4.3. Life Science and Technology College, Harbin Normal
University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biology in Colleges of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150025, China;5.4. Hunan Shangjie Instrument Co.,
Ltd., Changsha 410000, China;6.5. Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Research Center, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China;7.6. Tongdao Dong Autonomous County Forestry Bureau, Huaihua 418500, Hunan, China;8.7. State
Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolution Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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| Abstract: |
| Two new tetraploid quillwort species, Isoëtes longpingii and I. xiangfei, from China are described and illustrated. I. longpingii is a fully submerged plant found in a small pond of Hunan Province. It is morphologically similar to I. sinensis, but differs in its small and tuberculate-cristate megaspores and soft slender leaves that grow up to 60 cm. It is also similar to hexaploid I. orientalis, but differs in its 44 chromosomes and tuberculate-cristate megaspores. I. xiangfei is most similar to diploid I. yunguiensis in megaspore ornamentation, but differs in its microspore ornamentation, oblong sporangium, and 44 number of chromosomes. There are a few individuals of I. longpingii found in Ningxiang City of Hunan Province, and I. xiangfei is distributed in the wetlands of Tongdao and Huitong counties of Hunan Province. Because of their limited geographic ranges, small populations, fewer individuals and disturbed habitats, I. longpingii and I. xiangfei are evaluated as critically endangered(CR)and vulnerable(VU)category, respectively, according to the IUCN Red List criteria. A key to all the current known Chinese quillworts is also provided for further taxonomic identification and conservation of these rare and endangered plants in China. |
| Key words: new taxon, Isoë tes, Lycopods, polyploid, heterosporous, aquatic plants |
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