| 摘要: |
| 海南岛地形中高周低,从中部山区到东部沿海平原地区,由于自然条件及历史上人类干扰程度的不同,因此植物区系组成发生了一定程度的变化。为探讨植物区系组成的变化与保护区的次生性、面积及海拔高度等因素的关系,该研究采用样方和样线调查法,对海南岛中偏东部会山保护区进行物种调查,并结合该团队以往调查的中部五指山原自然保护区(现属热带雨林国家公园)、东部非沿海的白石岭保护区和东北部沿海的铜鼓岭自然保护区的数据,对4个保护区的植物区系组成特点进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)五指山、会山、白石岭、铜鼓岭保护区分别分布有1 893、1 415、634、913种野生种子植物,中部的2个保护区植物种类明显高于其他2个保护区。(2)保护区之间的物种相似性与海拔差和面积差呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。(3)4个保护区均为热带成分占主导地位,在属水平上五指山热带亚洲分布最多,其他3个保护区泛热带分布最多; 在种水平上均为热带亚洲分布最多且铜鼓岭占比最大。综上认为,从中部山区到东部沿海平原地区表现出次生性越大,海拔高度越低,生境类型越少,植物物种数越少; 同时,在属和种的水平上,呈现出热带成分增加,温带成分、中国特有分布和孑遗属、种均减少的特征。 |
| 关键词: 地理成分, 海南, 植物区系, 物种多样性, 种子植物 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202110022 |
| 分类号:Q948.5 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2023)02-0266-11 |
| Fund project:国家自然科学基金( 31760170)。 |
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| Comparative study of flora from central mountainous area to eastern coastal area of Hainan |
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CHEN Lin, YANG Xiaobo*, LI Donghai, TIAN Lujia, ZHANG Peichun,
LI Long, LIANG Caiqun, LI Chendi
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College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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| Abstract: |
| The terrain of Hainan Island is high in the middle and surrounded by low terrain on all sides. From the central mountainous area to the eastern coastal plains, due to the difference of natural conditions and historical human interference, the composition of flora has changed. In this study, quadrant and line transect survey was carried out in Huishan Nature Reserve(in the middle and east of Hainan Island)to discover its composition. Then combined with the data of Wuzhishan Nature Reserve in the middle of Hainan Island(now part of the Tropical Rainforest National Park), Baishiling Nature Reserve in the eastern non-coastal area and Tongguling Nature Reserve in the northeastern coast, which investigated by our team, the flora composition characteristics were compared and analyzed. Try to explore the relationship between the change of flora composition and the secondary, area and altitude of the nature reserve. The results were as follows:(1)There were 1 893 species, 1 415 species, 634 species, and 913 wild seed plants in Wuzhishan, Huishan, Baishiling, and Tongguling nature reserves, the numbers of species in the two central nature reserves were significantly higher than that in the other two nature reserves.(2)Species similarities between nature reserves were significantly negatively correlated with differences in altitude and area(P<0.05).(3)Four nature reserves were dominated by tropical elements, but at the level of genera, Wuzhishan was dominated by tropical Asia, while others were dominated by pantropical distribution; at the level of species, distribution of tropical Asia was the most in the four nature reserves. In conclusion, from the central mountainous area to the eastern coastal plains, the more secondary, the lower the altitude, the fewer the habitat types, and the fewer the number of plant species; at the same time, at the level of genera and species, the tropical elements are increased, while temperate, endemic and relict elements are decreased. |
| Key words: geographical element, Hainan, flora, species diversity, seed plant |
