不同种源桃金娘表型性状多样性研究

Diversity of phenotypic traits of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa from different provenances

关键词:  桃金娘, 表型性状, 多样性, 变异系数, 聚类分析

Key words:  Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, phenotypic trait, diversity, coefficient of variation, cluster analysis

摘要:

为解析桃金娘表型性状多样性及其种源间关系,该文以20个不同来源的桃金娘为研究对象,在同质园栽培条件下,对其营养器官和花器官表型性状进行观测,采用方差分析、变异分析、Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数分析和聚类分析等方法,探讨不同种源桃金娘表型性状多样性。结果表明:(1)不同种源桃金娘表型性状存在显著差异( P<0.05),Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均值在1.35以上,表型性状多样性丰富。(2)种源内表型性状变异系数均值在10.81%～63.75%之间,种源间的变异系数均值在13.08%～74.04%之间,种源间变异(23.33%)高于种源内变异(19.79%),营养器官变异(29.52%)高于花器官变异(14.06%)。(3)部分性状存在极显著或显著相关性,株高与分枝数呈极显著负相关,而与叶长、叶宽和叶面积等却呈显著正相关。(4)在欧式距离10处,20个种源桃金娘可分为A、B、C三类,A类包含8个种源,该类种源表现为植株高大、分枝少、叶大和花大等特征; B类包含11个种源,该类种源表现为株高中等、叶较大和花中等等特征; C类仅包含1个种源,表现为植株低矮、分枝多、叶小和花小等特征。该研究结果为桃金娘新品种选育及目标性状研究提供了理论依据和物质材料。

Abstract:

In order to explore and analyze the genetic diversity of phenotypic traits and the relationship among different provenances of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, samples from 20 different sources were taken as the research objects, and the phenotypic traits of vegetative organs and floral organs were observed under the condition of homogenous garden cultivation. At the same time, the methods of ANOVA, variance analysis, Shannon-Wiener diversity index analysis, and cluster analysis were used in order to discuss the diversity of various phenotypic traits among different provenances. The results were as follows:(1)The averages of phenotypic traits of R. tomentosa from different provenances were significantly different(P<0.05), and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of various source phenotypic traits was above 1.35, indicating rich phenotypic traits diversity.(2)The mean coefficient of variation of phenotypic traits within provenances ranged from 10.81% to 63.75%, while those among provenances ranged from 13.08% to 74.04%. Meanwhile, the variation among provenances(23.33%)was higher than that within provenances(19.79%), and the variation of vegetative organs(29.52%)was higher than that of floral organs(14.06%).(3)Correlation analysis showed that there were extremely significant or significant correlations among some phenotypic traits,in which the plant height of R. tomentosa had extremely significant negative correlations with the branch number and had significantly positive correlations with leaf length, leaf width as well as leaf area.(4)At 10 Euclidean distances, the 20 provenances of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa could be divided into three classes: A, B and C, and Class A contained eight provenances, which were characterized by tall plants, few branches, large leaves and large flowers; Class B contained 11 provenances, which were characterized by medium plant height, large leaves and middle flowers; Class C contained only one provenance, which was characterized by lower plant height, more branches, small leaves and flowers compared with the other two classes. The results of this study can provide theoretical basis and materials for selecting and breeding of new R. tomentosa varieties and the study of their target traits.