大花地不容块根生物碱成分的研究

Isolation and identification of the alkaloids from rhizomes of Stephania macrantha

关键词:  大花地不容, 生物碱, 化学成分, 分离纯化, 结构鉴定, 细胞毒性

Key words:  Stephania macrantha, alkaloids, chemical constituents, isolation and purification, structural identification, cytotoxicity

摘要:

为研究大花地不容块根的生物碱成分,该研究采用酸提碱沉法从大花地不容块根中提取出总生物碱,通过硅胶柱色谱法和制备液相色谱技术对大花地不容块根的总生物碱提取物进行分离纯化,并利用波谱学手段对化合物进行结构鉴定。结果表明:(1)从总生物碱提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为青藤碱(1)、青风藤碱(2)、斯帝酚灵碱(3)、瑞枯灵(4)、异紫堇定(5)、紫堇单酚碱(6)、巴婆碱(7)、sukhodianine(8)、荷包牡丹碱(9)、7-氧代克班宁(10)和巴马汀(11)。(2)体外细胞毒性测试显示,大花地不容总生物碱和其主成分青藤碱对人类肺癌细胞A549的IC₅₀值分别为7.5×10^-4 g·mL^-1和6.59×10^-9 g·mL^-1。化合物2、3、4、7、8、9和10系首次从大花地不容中分离得到。大花地不容块根中含有吗啡烷、原阿朴啡、阿朴啡、苄基四氢异喹啉和原小檗碱5种类型的生物碱。

Abstract:

To study the alkaloids in the rhizomes of Stephania macrantha. The total alkaloids of S. macrantha were extracted by acid extraction and alkali precipitation method. Eleven alkaloids have been isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The structures of compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods(NMR and MS). The results were as follows:(1)Eleven compounds were designated as sinomenine(1), sinoactine(2), stepharine(3), reticuline(4), isocorydine(5), corydalmine(6), asimilobine(7), sukhodianine(8), dicentrine(9), 7-oxocrebanine(10)and palmatine(11).(2)The total alkaloids of S. macrantha and sinomenine had inhibitory activities on human lung cancer cells(A549), with IC₅₀ values of 7.5×10^-4 g·mL^-1 and 6.59×10^-9 g·mL^-1, respectively. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10 were isolated for the first time from S. macrantha. The chemical constituents from S. macrantha belong to five types of alkaloids such as morphanes, proaporphines, aporphines, benzyltetrahydroi soquinolines and protoberberines.