Page 120 - 《广西植物》2024年第5期
P. 120

9 0 8                                  广  西  植  物                                         44 卷
                 Abstract: In order to grasp the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and driving mechanism of vegetation ecological
                 quality in Guangxiꎬ based on multi ̄source data such as meteorologyꎬ terrainꎬ soil and remote sensingꎬ and using the
                 ecological quality index (EQI) as an evaluation indicatorꎬ linear trend analysisꎬ correlation analysis and geographical
                 detector method were used to analyze the spatiotemporal variation and driving mechanisms from 2000 to 2020. The results
                 were as follows: (1) Since 2000ꎬ the vegetation EQI of Guangxi had significantly increasedꎬ and the regional vegetation
                 ecology had improved significantly. The development of vegetation ecological quality had experienced stages of slow
                 growthꎬ rapid growth and significant improvement. In terms of spaceꎬ the vegetation EQI in Guangxi showed a
                 characteristic of high in four directions and low in the middleꎬ with the high ̄value areas gradually expanding from the
                 east to the west and north. (2) The influencing factors of spatiotemporal evolution of vegetation ecological quality in
                 Guangxi were significantly different. The overall change of vegetation ecological quality at different altitudes showed a
                 trend of ‘increase-decrease-stability-fluctuation’. The vegetation ecological quality in different soil types was high in
                 loam soil and low in sandy soil. The ecological quality of forest and shrub ̄grass was highꎬ and the ecological quality of
                 farmland vegetation was low. There was a significant positive correlation between vegetation ecological quality and climate
                 driving factorsꎬ which was affected by both temperature and precipitation. The area mainly driven by temperature (T)
                                                                                                   +
                 was the widestꎬ followed by the area mainly driven by precipitation (P). The areas driven strongly ([T+P] ) and
                             -
                 weakly ([T+ P] ) by temperature and precipitation were smaller. (3) The driving force of changes in vegetation
                 ecological quality change of Guangxi was affected by terrainꎬ soilꎬ vegetationꎬ climateꎬ natural disasters and human
                 activities. The order of explanatory power of natural influencing factors was vegetation > terrain > soil > climateꎬ in
                 which the vegetation net primary productivity and vegetation coverage were the most important factors affecting the
                 spatiotemporal variation of vegetation ecological quality. The effects of natural factors on vegetation ecological quality in
                 Guangxi was interactiveꎬ showing a nonlinear enhancement and two ̄factor enhancement relationshipꎬ and the interaction
                 between terrain and vegetationꎬ soil and vegetationꎬ and climate and vegetation were the most obvious. Natural disasters
                 and human activities aggravated the impact of vegetation ecological quality change. Among themꎬ meteorological disasters
                 such as drought and low temperature damage inhibited the improvement of vegetation ecological qualityꎬ while human
                 activities such as forestry ecological engineering promoted the improvement of vegetation ecological quality. The research
                 results provide a scientific theoretical reference and technical support for making reasonable measures of vegetation
                 ecological protection and restoration in Guangxi.
                 Key words: vegetation ecological qualityꎬ temporal and spatial evolutionꎬ driving forceꎬ remote sensingꎬ Guangxi




                植被是生态系统的重要组成部分ꎬ在反映区                            primary productivityꎬ NPP) 在表征植被状况方面具
            域生态环境质量及其变化方面充当“指示器” 的作                            有优势ꎬ其中 NDVI 能很好地反映植被覆盖、生物量
            用ꎮ 植被变化及其驱动力一直是国内外生态学领                             及生态系统参数的变化(赵英时ꎬ2003)ꎬ已被广泛
            域研究的热点问题( 金凯等ꎬ2020)ꎮ 广西位于中                         用于植被变化及其驱动力研究ꎬNPP 则是评估生态
            国南部ꎬ地势呈西北向东南倾斜状ꎬ地形错综复                              系统功能以及生态环境质量的有效指标(刘刚等ꎬ
            杂ꎬ喀斯特地貌发育典型、分布广泛ꎬ石漠化严重ꎬ                            2017ꎻ王芳等ꎬ2018)ꎮ 以 NDVI 为指标ꎬ韦振锋等
            是我国生态脆弱地区之一( 陈燕丽等ꎬ2019a)ꎬ也                         (2013)研究发现 1999—2010 年(12 年) 广西 NDVI
            是生态文明建设和生态扶贫的重点关注区域ꎮ 近                             增加趋势显著ꎬ并且桂南和桂西北地区 NDVI 增幅
            年来社会经济的快速发展ꎬ人类活动加强ꎬ使广西                             较大ꎬ植被对降水响应的敏感性强于气温ꎮ 廖春贵
            植被生态变化十分复杂ꎮ 开展长时间序列的广西                             等(2018) 研究表明ꎬ2007—2016 年(10 年) 广西植
            植被变化综合监测及其驱动力研究ꎬ对掌握植被                              被 NDVI 增加ꎬNDVI 与降水、气温的负偏相关区域
            生态演变驱动机制ꎬ维护区域生态安全具有十分                              面积大于正偏相关ꎮ 相似研究表明ꎬ2006—2016 年

            重要的作用ꎮ                                             (11 年)广西植被 NDVI 波动性明显ꎬ温度和降水与
                 归 一 化 植 被 指 数 ( normalized difference         植被覆盖呈正相关关系ꎬ人工造林是广西 NDVI 上
            vegetation indexꎬ NDVI) 和植被净初级生产力( net             升的主要原因(张敏等ꎬ2019)ꎮ 更长时间遥感序列
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