Page 98 - 《广西植物》2026年第2期
P. 98
2 9 2 广 西 植 物 46 卷
previously undocumented species in China. Materials and methods involved: (1) Systematic field surveys across Northeast
China (2021—2024)ꎬ with particular emphasis on population ̄level morphological variations during both flowering and
vegetative stagesꎻ (2) Exhaustive analysis of taxonomic literatureꎬ including original descriptions and regional florasꎻ (3)
Detailed comparisons of a substantial number of herbarium specimensꎬ including type materials accessed through
international collaborations and digital repositories. S. sericeo ̄cinereaꎬ distributed in Fenghuang Mountainꎬ Wuchang Cityꎬ
Heilongjiang Provinceꎬ was identified as an alpine dwarf shrub (0.5-1.8 m tall) characterized by obovate leaves with
margins conspicuously adorned by white silky villous hairsꎬ catkins bearing 4 - 8 small basal leavesꎬ and remarkably
prominent styles. These diagnostic features provided clear distinctions from its morphologically similar congenerꎬ S.
taraikensis Kimura. S. udensisꎬ found in Xingkai Lakeꎬ Heilongjiang Provinceꎬ and Northeastern Inner Mongoliaꎬ was
recognized as a medium ̄sized shrub (3-5 m tall) with narrowly obovate leaves and uniquely deeply cleft stigmas (extending
below the midpoint of the styles)ꎬ providing reliable diagnostic characters to separate it from the widespread S. sachalinensis
F. Schmidt. Population ̄level morphohegical stability stuies further validated the species ̄level taxonomic status of these two
taxa. Comprehensive morphological descriptions were providedꎬ supported by detailed morphological illustrations and
voucher specimens (deposited at BJFC)ꎬ along with precise geographical distribution data. Ecological observations revealed
that S. sericeo ̄cinerea predominantly grows in high ̄altitude open slopes (1 400-1 700 m)ꎬ while S. udensis occured in
lowland wetland habitats near the China ̄Russia border region. This study unequivocally confirms the existence of S. sericeo ̄
cinerea and S. udensis in Chinaꎬ representing significant additions to the diversity of Salix in the country. The findings
highlight the importance of thorough taxonomic revisions and targeted field surveys in understudied regions. Moreoverꎬ the
research establishes a solid foundation for future studies on the phylogenyꎬ biogeographyꎬ and conservation of these newly
recorded species in Northeast China. The methodological framework employedꎬ particularly the integration of population ̄
level analyses with type specimen examinationsꎬ provides a valuable model for resolving complex taxonomic issues in Salix
and other challenging plant groups.
Key words: Northeast Chinaꎬ angiospermsꎬ Salixꎬ new recordsꎬ species diversity
柳属( Salix L.) 植物全世界包含 400 ~ 500 种 在对国 产 柳 属 植 物 进 行 分 类 研 究 ( 2021—
(Argusꎬ 1997ꎻ Skvortsovꎬ 1999ꎻ Fang et al.ꎬ 1999ꎻ 2024 年)的过程中ꎬ我们在整个中国东北地区对柳
Ohashiꎬ 2000ꎻ He et al.ꎬ 2021)ꎬ中国是柳属植物的 属植物开展了大规模的群体调查和采集ꎮ 在此期
多样性中心(赵士洞ꎬ1987)ꎬ«中国生物物种名录» 间发现有 2 种柳属植物在我国相关柳属分类学文
收录了 288 种柳树(Liu et al.ꎬ 2023)ꎮ 我国东北地 献中未被记录ꎬ« 中国植物志» 和 Flora of China 也
区以温带季风性气候为主ꎬ降雨丰沛ꎬ气候凉爽ꎬ为 未曾将其收录( 司克窝尔错夫等ꎬ1955ꎻ王战等ꎬ
柳属植物的生长和发育提供了良好的自然条件ꎬ是 1984ꎻ傅沛云ꎬ1995ꎻFang et al.ꎬ 1999)ꎮ 本研究通
柳属植物的多样化中心(丁托娅ꎬ1995)ꎻ同时ꎬ我国 过进 一 步 扩 大 对 国 内 外 相 关 柳 属 分 类 学 文 献
东北地区毗邻朝鲜半岛和俄罗斯远东地区ꎬ在亚洲东 (Trautvetter & Meyerꎬ 1856ꎻSchmidtꎬ 1868ꎻNakaiꎬ
北部植物区系演化过程中起到了重要的枢纽作用ꎮ 1919ꎬ 1930ꎻKimuraꎬ 1934ꎻKitagawaꎬ 1939ꎬ 1979)
植物新记录种的发现与确证不仅是分类学研 的查阅ꎬ同时将我们采集的标本材料与国内外大
究的关键环节ꎬ而且还蕴含着深远的生物地理学 量柳属模式标本进行了比对ꎬ并将其分别鉴定为
价值ꎮ 这类发现通过完善区域物种编目体系填补 灰毛柳 ( Salix sericeo ̄cinerea Nakai) 和 乌 登 柳 ( S.
了生物多样性监测网络的空白节点ꎬ为解析地区 udensis Trautv. & C. Meyer)ꎬ其中灰毛柳发现于黑
植物区系演化历史提供了关键实证材料ꎻ同时ꎬ植 龙江省五常市凤凰山ꎬ乌登柳发现于黑龙江省鸡
物新记录的确证也为物种分布格局的形成与适应 西市兴凯湖ꎬ二者均为中国新记录种ꎮ
性演化研究提供了良好的活体材料ꎮ 但是ꎬ目前
我国的柳属植物多样性尚未完全清楚ꎬ并且近些 1 材料与方法
年仍有柳属新记录种被发表( 刘丽娟等ꎬ 2016)ꎮ
这些新发现完善了我国柳属植物物种名录ꎬ填补 1.1 研究材料
了地区柳属生物多样性数据库的空白ꎮ 用于形态研究的灰毛柳群体材料采自黑龙江

