Page 21 - 《广西植物》2026年第5期
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5 期                 苏晶等: 水稻 OsNGCD 基因家族鉴定与非生物胁迫表达谱分析                                        7 5 3

                 Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa) is a globally important food cropꎬ and its yield is often severely affected by abiotic
                 stresses such as salinity and drought. Glucosylceramide enzyme (GCD)ꎬ as a key enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolic
                 pathwayꎬ its molecular mechanism in response to abiotic stress in plants has not been clarifiedꎬ and there is currently a
                 lack of systematic bioinformatics research. In this studyꎬ a genome ̄wide analysis method was used to identify four
                 OsNGCD gene family members (OsNGCD1-OsNGCD4) in rice. Through the integration of bioinformatics analysis and
                 experimental verification methodsꎬ the molecular characteristicsꎬ evolutionary relationshipsꎬ and expression regulation
                 patterns of this gene family were systematically analyzedꎬ aiming to reveal its biological functions in response to abiotic
                 stress in plants. The results were as follows: (1) Bioinformatics analyses revealed that all OsNGCD members contained a
                 conserved DUF608 domain and possessed promoter regions enriched with drought ̄responsive ( MBS) and hormone ̄
                 responsive (ABRE/ GARE) cis ̄acting elements. (2) Tissue expression profiling analysis indicated that OsNGCD1 was
                 predominantly expressed in roots at the three ̄leaf stageꎻ OsNGCD2 was highly expressed in roots at the germination stage
                 and in grains at the wax ripening stageꎻ OsNGCD3 had high expression levels in stems and leaves at the three ̄leaf stage
                 and in inflorescences at the booting stageꎻ OsNGCD4 was continuously highly expressed in stems at all stages. (3)
                 Quantitative real ̄time PCR (qRT ̄PCR) analysis revealed that OsNGCD1 and OsNGCD4 exhibited a rapid and strong
                 upregulation in leaves under saltꎬ alkaliꎬ and drought stress conditionsꎬ suggesting their potential role in early stress
                 response regulation. In contrastꎬ OsNGCD2 displayed a distinct root ̄predominant expression patternꎬ particularly during
                 later stress stagesꎬ with significantly higher expression levels in roots compared to leaves. This study elucidates the
                 OsNGCD gene familys molecular mechanisms in rice stress adaptation through spatiotemporal expression patternsꎬ
                 offering novel targets for stress ̄resistant crop breeding.
                 Key words: riceꎬ OsNGCD gene familyꎬ abiotic stressꎬ sphingolipid metabolismꎬ bioinformatics



                水稻(Oryza sativa) 作为全球近半数人口的主                   2010)ꎮ DUF 蛋白功能注释的滞后性与其在生命

            粮作物ꎬ其产量稳定性是世界粮食安全的基石ꎮ                              活动中的重要性形成鲜明对比ꎮ 随着功能基因组
            然而ꎬ在极端气候变化背景下ꎬ日益频发的盐、碱、                            学的发展ꎬ多个 DUF 家族基因已被证实参与植物
            干旱等非生物胁迫已成为制约水稻可持续生产的                              逆境响应ꎮ 例如:拟南芥 ESK1( DUF231 家族) 是
            关键环境限制因子ꎮ 据统计ꎬ全球约 20% 的灌溉                          耐寒 性 的 负 调 控 因 子 ( Xin et al.ꎬ 2007)ꎻ 水 稻
            耕地正遭受不同程度的盐渍化危害ꎬ干旱胁迫导                              OsSIDP366(DUF1644 家族) 正向调控干旱和盐胁
            致的作物产量损失在 50%以上ꎬ并且多种非生物                            迫 抗 性 ( Guo et al.ꎬ 2016 )ꎻ 拟 南 芥 AtRDUF1
            胁迫的复合作用往往会产生协同效应ꎬ对作物产                              (DUF1117 家族) 正 调 控 盐 胁 迫 响 应 ( Li et al.ꎬ

            量和品质造成更为严重的负面影响( Singhꎬ 2021ꎻ                      2013)ꎻ水稻 OsDSR2( DUF966 家族) 负调控盐、干
            Muhammad et al.ꎬ 2024ꎻZhao et al.ꎬ 2024ꎻ马唯一        旱胁迫及 ABA 信号转导(Luo et al.ꎬ2014)ꎮ
            等ꎬ2025)ꎮ 因此ꎬ发掘关键功能基因和家族ꎬ深入                             本研究聚焦水稻 DUF608 家族基因 OsNGCDꎮ
            解析水稻抗逆分子机制和调控网络ꎬ对培育耐逆                              该家 族 编 码 非 溶 酶 体 葡 萄 糖 神 经 酰 胺 酶 ( non ̄

            性新品种具有重要战略意义ꎮ                                      lysosomal glucosylceramide enzyme)ꎬ这类葡萄糖神
                 近年来ꎬ未知功能结构域( domain of unknown                经酰胺酶( glucosylceramide enzymeꎬ GCD) 在鞘脂
            functionꎬ DUF)蛋白的功能研究为植物抗逆机制提                      代谢中发挥关键作用ꎮ 鞘脂不仅是细胞膜结构组
            供了新视角(Luo et al.ꎬ 2024)ꎮ 根据 Pfam 数据库               分ꎬ更是重要的信号分子ꎬ参与调控植物生长发育
            (Pfam 35.0) 统计ꎬ在 19 632 个蛋白质家族中ꎬ约                  和逆 境 响 应 ( Pata et al.ꎬ 2010ꎻ Markham et al.ꎬ
            有 24%( 4 795 个) 属 于 DUF 类 型 ( Mistry et al.ꎬ       2013ꎻ Bi et al.ꎬ 2014 )ꎮ 葡 萄 糖 神 经 酰 胺
            2021)ꎮ 这些结构域通常以“ DUF” 加数字编号命                       (glucosylceramideꎬGlcCer)是植物鞘脂类的主要组
            名ꎬ待其功 能 明 确 后 会 被 重 新 分 类 命 名ꎮ 例 如ꎬ                分 之 一 ( Markham et al.ꎬ 2006 )ꎮ Msanne 等
            DUF1 和 DUF2 现已被分别命名为 GGDEF 和 EAL                   (2015)研究表明ꎬ敲除葡萄糖神经酰胺合成酶会
            结 构 域 ( Schultz et al.ꎬ 1998ꎻ Bateman et al.ꎬ      导致植物幼苗死亡ꎬ这充分说明葡萄糖神经酰胺
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