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1 期                    李金月等: 基于分子与形态证据的傣药“傣百解”基原考证                                           4 1

                                         表 3  通光散与灵药牛奶菜形态特征的比较
                     Table 3  Comparison of morphological characters between Marsdenia tenacissima and M. cavaleriei

             特征               通光散                                     灵药牛奶菜
             Features         M. tenacissima                          M. cavaleriei
                              叶宽卵形ꎬ先端急尖ꎬ叶基深心形ꎬ近圆形弯缺
             叶型                                                       叶心形ꎬ顶端短渐尖
                              Leaf broadly ovateꎬ apex acuteꎬ leaf base deeply
             Leaf blade                                               Leaf ovate ̄cordateꎬ apex short acuminate
                              cordate with rounded sinus
             叶面               质地柔软ꎬ表面密被茸毛                             表面被稀疏细绒毛
             Blade surface    Soft textureꎬ densely pilose to tomentose  Paperyꎬ subglabrous
             花冠颜色             浅绿色                                     橙红色
             Corolla color    Light ̄green                             Orange ̄red
             花冠形状             5 瓣深裂ꎬ裂片开展                              5 瓣浅裂ꎬ近钟状
             Corolla shape    Five deep lobesꎬ lobes developed        Five lobesꎬ corolla campanulate to urceolate
                              被花药附属物覆盖ꎬ宽圆筒状ꎬ稍长于花冠裂片                   圆锥形ꎬ被花药附属物覆盖ꎬ比花冠短
             柱头
                              Stigma head broadly cylindricꎬ concealed by anther  Stigma head conicalꎬ concealed by anther appendagesꎬ
             Stigma
                              appendagesꎬ slightly longer than the lobes  shorter than anther appendages
                              圆柱形ꎬ粗壮ꎬ坚韧ꎬ被淡黄色柔毛ꎬ折断后有白色乳浆
             茎干                                                       扁圆柱形ꎬ被毛沿着狭窄的两侧生长
                              Cylindricalꎬ robustꎬ toughꎬ pale yellow pubescentꎬ broken
             Stem                                                     Flat cylindricalꎬ hairy growth along narrow sides
                              with white whey
             被毛               整株被毛ꎬ较多                                 被毛较少
             Indumentum       Densely pilose to tomentose             Sparse hairy
                              根粗壮ꎬ表面灰黄色ꎬ皮薄且易剥落
             根                Roots robustꎬ surface grayish yellowꎬ cortex thin  表面褐色ꎬ粗糙ꎬ表皮均有一层细胞构成ꎬ不易剥落
                                                                      Surface brownꎬ coarse textureꎬ cortex firmꎬ not easy
             Root             and peelable
                                                                      to split
             根部横切面            皮层较厚ꎬ切面薄壁组织白色ꎬ粉性                        韧皮部较薄ꎬ薄壁组织灰色ꎬ不为粉性
             Root cross section  Phloem thickꎬ parenchymal tissue white and starchy  Phloem thinꎬ the parenchymal tissue grayꎬ not starchy


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