| 引用本文: | 杜春梅, 赵 悦, 唐千里, 柳静雯, 王嘉良, 刘德江.微生物防治猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病的研究进展[J].广西植物,2026,46(4):651-670.[点击复制] |
| DU Chunmei, ZHAO Yue, TANG Qianli, LIU Jingwen,
WANG Jialiang, LIU Dejiang.Research advances on microbial control of kiwifruit bacterial canker[J].Guihaia,2026,46(4):651-670.[点击复制] |
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| 微生物防治猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病的研究进展 |
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杜春梅1,2, 赵 悦1, 唐千里1, 柳静雯1, 王嘉良1, 刘德江1,2*
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1. 佳木斯大学 生物与农业学院, 黑龙江 佳木斯 154000;2. 中-乌农林技术开发
与应用国际合作联合实验室, 黑龙江 佳木斯 154000
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| 摘要: |
| 由丁香假单胞菌猕猴桃致病变种引发的猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病是一种毁灭性病害。相较于化学防治手段,利用微生物进行病害防治具有环境相容性高、可持续性强和不易使病原菌产生抗药性等显著优势。通过文献梳理,该文系统概述了猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病的病害特点、致病菌与传播途径、微生物生防菌的主要类群、核心生防机制,以及微生物在该病生物防治中的实际应用情况,旨在为猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病的可持续生物防控提供理论支撑与实践指导。结果表明:(1)生防微生物种类丰富。对猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病具有防控效果的微生物主要包括细菌、放线菌、真菌和噬菌体四大类。其中,细菌中的芽孢杆菌属与假单胞菌属以及放线菌中的链霉菌属应用最为广泛,防效显著。(2)生防机制有直接作用和间接作用两条路径。直接作用包括分泌抗菌肽、抗生素等抑菌物质以溶解病原菌细胞壁,通过营养竞争、空间占位以阻断病原菌的侵染位点,以及借助寄生作用直接破坏病原菌的菌体结构; 间接作用核心在于诱导寄主植物产生系统抗性,从而增强其对猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病的抵御能力。多数高效生防菌株兼具这两种作用机制,其防效优于单一作用机制的菌株。(3)同一研究中,复合微生物菌剂的防治效果与稳定性通常优于单一微生物。不同菌株间协同作用,不仅能拓宽抗菌谱,还能提升菌株在植株体表的定殖率与抗逆性。综上,该文明确指出了当前猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病生物防控领域存在的核心问题,并提出了具有针对性的建议。 |
| 关键词: 猕猴桃, 细菌性溃疡病, 微生物, 生物防控, 进展 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202601022 |
| 分类号: |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2026)04-0651-20 |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2024C062)。 |
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| Research advances on microbial control of kiwifruit bacterial canker |
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DU Chunmei1,2, ZHAO Yue1, TANG Qianli1, LIU Jingwen1,
WANG Jialiang1, LIU Dejiang1,2*
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1. College of Biology and Agriculture, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China;2. China-Ukraine Agriculture &3.Forestry Technology Development and Application International Cooperation Joint Lab, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
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| Abstract: |
| Kiwifruit bacterial canker(KBC), caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, is a devastating disease. Compared with chemical control methods, microbial-based disease control offers significant advantages, including exceptional environmental compatibility, robust sustainability, and a reduced likelihood of developing pathogen resistance. Through literature review, this article systematically summarizes the disease characteristics, pathogenic bacterium, and transmission routes, as well as the main microorganism species used in biological control, core biocontrol mechanisms, and practical applications of microorganisms in the biocontrol of KBC. The aim of this study is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable biocontrol of KBC. The results are as follows:(1)Biocontrol microorganisms are highly diverse. The microorganisms with control effects on KBC mainly included four categories: bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and bacteriophages. Among these, Bacillus and Pseudomonas(bacteria)and Streptomyces(actinomycetes)are the most widely used and exhibit significant efficacy.(2)The biocontrol mechanisms involve both direct and indirect pathways. Direct mechanisms include the secretion of antimicrobial peptides, antibiotics and other antimicrobial substances to dissolve pathogenic bacterial cell walls, blocking infection sites through nutritional competition and spatial occupation, as well as direct disruption of pathogen structure via parasitism; indirect mechanisms primarily involve the induction of systemic resistance in host plants to enhance resistance to KBC. Most highly effective biocontrol strains employ both mechanisms, demonstrating superior efficacy compared with strains relying on a single mechanism.(3)In the same study, the control efficacies and stability of composite microorganism agents are generally superior to those of single microorganisms. The synergistic effects among different strains not only broaden the antimicrobial spectrum but also enhance the colonization rate and stress tolerance of the strains on plant surfaces. In summary, this article clearly identifies the core issues in the current field of KBC biocontrol and puts forward targeted recommendations. |
| Key words: kiwifruit, bacterial canker, microorganisms, biocontrol, advances |
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