指甲兰属种质资源概况及其研究进展

Overview and progress on germplasm resources of Aerides

关键词:  指甲兰属, 种质资源, 组织培养, 化学成分, 香味, 种系发生

Key words:  Aerides, germplasm resources, tissue culture, chemical component, fragrance, phylogeny

摘要:

该文综述了指甲兰属种质资源的历史、地理分布概况和保护现状,以及该属植物在组织培养、药用价值及化学成分分析、香味成分研究与种系发生等领域的国内外研究成果,并对该属植物在未来的研究重点进行了探讨和分析。结果表明:指甲兰属植物是热带地区重要的花卉,具有极高的观赏价值和药用价值,通过有效地保护和利用好该属资源,并在多个学术领域内开展该属植物研究,不仅可以为相关研究提供技术参考和理论支持,而且能够充分挖掘其应用价值。然而,国内外在相关领域的各项研究进展还不够深入,未来指甲兰属植物应加强以下方面的研究:(1)开展资源引种与回归保育等方面的实践工作及研究;(2)利用稀缺资源和母本优势,开展组织培养与属间品种培育方面的研究;(3)充分发掘其药用价值,积极开展植物化学成分方面的研究;(4)开展指甲兰属香味成分分析与应用研究,进而开展该属传粉生物学的研究;(5)利用分子生物学领域的最新技术和方法,揭示出该属在相关类群中的地位和其界定范围。

Abstract:

We reviewed the history, geographical distribution situation and conservation status, as well as the domestic and foreign research results in the tissue culture, medicinal value and chemical composition analysis, aroma components research and phylogeny fields for germplasm resources of Aerides, and discussed the research emphasis of the genus in the future. Aerides plants are important tropical flowers, and have high ornamental and medicinal values. Effective protection and making good use of the resources, and carrying the study in multiple academic fields of the genus, not only can provide technical reference and theoretical support for the related research, but also can fully exert its application value. However, the studies in the related field at home and abroad did not obviously go deep enough, and remained larger room to grow. Therefore, development direction of Aerides in the future should strengthen the research on the follo-wing several aspects:(1)To carry out practical work and research on resource introduction and regressive conservation;(2)To take advantage of scarce resources and maternal advantages in the genus, the research on tissue culture and inter-generic cultivars are carried out;(3)To fully explore its medicinal value and actively carry out research on plant chemical components;(4)To carry out research on the analysis and application of the fragrances, and go further to do the research of the pollination biology of the genus;(5)To use the latest technology and methods in the field of molecular biology to reveal the status and scope of the genus in the relevant groups.