滇中喀斯特41种不同生长型植物叶性状研究

Leaf traits of different growing plants in karst area of Shilin, China

关键词:  叶片功能性状, 叶干物质含量, 变异系数, 叶性策略, 石林喀斯特

Key words:  leaf functional traits, leaf dry matter content, coefficient of variation, leaf strategy, Shilin karst area

摘要:

该研究以云南石林喀斯特地区41种主要植物(乔木19种、灌木10种、藤本4种、草本8种)为对象,对其叶面积(AR)、叶鲜重(FW)、叶干重(DW)、叶厚度(TH)、叶绿素含量(Chlc)等进行了测定,得到不同植物比叶面积(SLA)、叶干物质含量(DMC)等指标。结果表明:(1)在物种水平上7 项植物叶性状值变化范围较大,不同生长型植物差异显著。(2)41种植物的SLA与DMC之间呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),AR与FW、DW呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),TH与Chlc呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),其他因子间相关性不显著。(3)该研究区植物叶性状变异范围为15.82%～139.14%,多为高变异系数(84.40%～131.01%),叶性状变异中AR与FW贡献率较高,分别为84.40%、90.28%,不同生长型植物在TH上稳定性较好。(4)石林喀斯特地区植物叶片适应特殊生境时表现出较低的TH、SLA、Chlc和较高的DMC等特征。这说明石林喀斯特地区植物通过形成不同的叶性状特征来适应特殊生境,可为喀斯特地区的植被保护与恢复提供理论指导。

Abstract:

Leaf function traits are important feature of plant adaptation to habitat. The environment of karst area is a special ecosystem, the reason how different plants adopt to the habitat and what leaf traits have been rarely reported. There are rarely reported on different plants adapt to the habitat and their leaf traits in karst area. In Shilin karst area of Yunnan Province, we studied 41 plants(different growth forms). We mainly focused on the leaf area(AR), leaf fresh weight(FW), leaf dry weight(DW), leaf thickness(TH), chlorophyll content(Chlc), specific leaf area(SLA)and leaf dry matter content(DMC). The results were as follows:(1)The leaf traits of plants on the species level varied widely, and the differences of different growth forms were significant.(2)There was a significant negative correlation between SLA and DMC(P<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between leaf length, width and TH(P<0.01). There were significant positive correlation between FW, DW and AR(P<0.01). There were significant positive correlation between TH and Chlc(P<0.01), the correlation between other factors was not significant.(3)The coefficient of variation of plant leaf traits in the study was 15.82%-139.14%, mostly with high coefficient of variation(84.40%-131.01%). The contribution rate of AR and FW were higher, there are 84.40% and 90.28%, plants of different growth forms were stable on TH.(4)In Shilin karst areas, plant leaves adapt to special habitats with lower TH, SLA, Chlc and higher DMC. The above indicates that plants in Shilin karst areas can adapt to special habitats by forming different leaf characteristics. The paper provide a theoretical and piratical reference for the restoration and protection in karst area.