贵州楼梯草属(荨麻科)植物种类组成及分布格局

Species composition and distribution pattern of Elatostema(Urticaceae)in Guizhou

关键词:  赤车类群, 楼梯草类群, 特有种, 物种组成, 分布格局

Key words:  Pellionia groups, Elatostema groups, endemic species, species composition, distribution pattern

摘要:

荨麻科(Urticaceae)楼梯草属(Elatostema)植物种类繁多、形态相似、关系密切,是植物分类学界公认的疑难分类群之一。贵州省地理位置特殊,水热条件较好,喀斯特地貌复杂多变,是我国楼梯草属植物的重要分布区,但一直以来种类不清,分类不明。为进一步理清资源本底及分布特征,该文通过近年调查和查阅资料形成贵州楼梯草属植物名录,分析其物种组成,并基于分布地及海拔数据分析空间分布特征,以期为贵州植物多样性保护以及区系研究提供进一步的基础资料。结果表明:全省赤车类群植物有1组1系7种,楼梯草类群有5组20系69种,分别占全国种类的17.94%、20.78%。楼梯草属植物共76种,其中13种为贵州楼梯草属特有种。在地理分布上,赤车类群主要见于黔北-黔东-黔南部分地区,沿赤水、桐梓、习水、正安-江口、印江-剑河-都匀、荔波-望谟一线,总体分布反呈“C”状; 楼梯草类群植物主要分布在黔北-黔东-黔南-黔西南大部分地区,沿赤水、正安、江口-七星关、开阳、施秉、黄平-兴义、兴仁、安龙、贞丰、望谟、独山、荔波一带分布较多,总体分布呈“三”字状; 楼梯草属特有植物总体呈点状、不均匀分布。该属植物主要分布在海拔600～1 000 m的范围内。

Abstract:

Elatostema (Urticaceae)is one of the recognized taxonomic groups in the field of plant taxonomy because of the wide variety and similar morphology and close relationship. The geographical location of Guizhou Province is special, the water and heat conditions is better. The karst landforms are complex and changeable. It is an important distribution area of the Elatostema. But the species is unclear and the classification is unknown. In order to further clarify the resource and distribution characteristics of Elatostema. This list forms recent surveys and access to statistics. Analysis of species composition and spatial characteristics were based on species distribution and elevation data. It is hoped that this reseach will provide further basic information for Guizhou plant species diversity protetion and related floristic study. The results are as follows: Pellionia groups have seven species from one system in one group and Elatostema groups have 69 species from 20 system in five groups. They account for 17.94% and 20.78% of the national species in China. Elotostema has 76 species in total, among which 13 species are endemic to Guizhou. In the geographical distribution, Pellionia groups are mainly distributed in parts of North Guizhou-East Guizhou-South Guizhou. Along the lines of Chishui, Tongzi, Xishui, Zhengan-Jiangkou, Yinjiang-Jianhe-Duyun and Libo-Wangmo, showing an opposite of “C” shape. Elatostema groups are mainly distributed in most areas of North Guizhou-East Guizhou-South Guizhou-Southwest Guizhou. Along Chishui, Zhengan, Jiangkou-Qixingguan, Kaiyang, Shibing, Huangping-Xingyi, Xingren, Anlong, Zhenfeng, Wangmo, Dushan and Libo, showing a Chinese character “Three” shape, like three short parallel lines. The endemic of Elatostema are generally point-like and unevently distributed. The genus is mainly distributed in the range of 600 -1 000 m.