广东石门台保护区猴头杜鹃群落特征

Community characteristics of Rhododendron simiarum in Shimentai Nature Reserve, Guangdong

关键词:  猴头杜鹃  群落特征  物种多样性  石门台自然保护区

Key words:  Rhododendron simiarum  community characteristics  biodiversity  Shimentai Nature Reserve

摘要:

应用植被样地调查法研究广东英德石门台保护区最高峰船底顶的山顶矮林猴头杜鹃群落的物种组成、科属的地理成分。结果表明,2 500 m²样方中有维管植物112种,隶属于47科78属。群落数量优势科为蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、壳斗科、樟科、冬青科和山茶科等,优势种为猴头杜鹃、广东松、疏齿木荷、矮冬青、树参、小叶罗汉松、异株木犀榄、南方铁杉和五列木等。群落的物种多样性Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数分别为0.941和4.977。植物科的地理成分以泛热带和北温带分布型等占优势,属的地理成分以泛热带分布型和热带亚洲分布型为主,体现了南亚热带向中亚热带过渡的特点。种群年龄结构表明,建群种猴头杜鹃属于增长阶段,而优势种广东松属于衰退种群,针叶植物白豆杉和小叶罗汉松更新幼苗较多,有进一步发展的趋势。

Abstract:

Community characteristics of Rhododendron simiarum in Chuandiding,Shimentai Nature Reserve were studied. The results show that 106 vascular plant species belong to 46 families and 75 genera in a sampling area of 2 500 m². The dominant families of community are Rosaceae,Ericaceae,Fagaceae,Lauraceae,Aquifoliaceae and Theaceae,etc. The dominant species of the community are Rhododendron simiarum,Pinus kwangtungensis,Schima remotiserrata,Ilex lohfauensis,Dendropanax chevalieri,Podocarpus brevifolius,Olea dioica,Tsuga techekiangensis and Pentaphylax euryoides,etc. The species indexes of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener in the community are 0.941 and 4.977,respectively. Most of the floristic elements of family for seed plants are Pan-tropical and North Temperate distributing type,and main genera are Pan-Tropical and tropical-Asia areal-types,which show the characteristic of transition of south subtropical and mid-subtropical elements. Analysis on the age structure indicated that the population of Rhododendron simiaru has an increasing trend,but Pinus kwangtungensis expresses a decreasing stage. Pseudotaxus chienii and Podocarpus brevifolius will develop a big population because of the large amount of seedling in the generation layer.