四回毛枝蕨配子体发育的研究

Gametophyte development of Leptorumohra quadripinnata

关键词:  四回毛枝蕨  孢子萌发  配子体发育

Key words:  Leptorumohra quadripinnata  spore germination  gametophyte development

摘要:

采用MS培养基培养四回毛枝蕨孢子,利用光学显微镜详细观察记录了其孢子萌发、配子体发育及幼孢子体形成的整个过程。结果表明:成熟的孢子黑褐色,不透明,极面观圆球形,赤道面观蚕豆型,单裂缝,表面微褶皱。播种后8 d左右萌发,萌发类型为书带蕨型,配子体发育为三叉蕨型。播种20 d左右发育为片状体。播种30 d左右形成幼原叶体,幼原叶体暂不对称,成熟原叶体呈蝴蝶形。原叶体边缘及背腹面都具毛状体,数量丰富,单细胞。播种50 d左右开始有性器官出现,精子器近圆球形,由3细胞构成,成熟颈卵器颈部由5列细胞构成。原叶体受精后1月内可看到幼胚生成。

Abstract:

The spores of the Leptorumohra quadripinnata were cultured in MS medium. The spore germination,gametophyte development and formation of young sporophytes were observed in detail by microscope. The result indicates that the mature spores are black-brown,monolete,little draped surface and horsebean-shaped in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view. The spores germinate about 8 days after sowing,the germination type is Vittaria-type and the gametophyte development is Aspidium-type. The prothallial plates form about 20 days after sowing. The young prothallia develop about 30 days after sowing,they are not symmetry temporarily,but the mature prothallia are papilionaceous. Profuse unicellular hairs occur in the whole surface and the margin of the prothallium. The sex organs form about 50 days after sowing. The antheridia look like pellets and are formed by three cells. The archegonial neck is often formed by 5 rows of cells. Young embryos can be seen from the prothallium in one month after fecundation.