海南铜鼓岭与五指山种子植物属的比较研究

Comparison on genus of seed plants between Tongguling and Wuzhishan National Nature Reserve, Hainan Island

关键词:  种子植物区系  属  铜鼓岭  五指山  海南

Key words:  spermatophytic flora  genera  Tongguling  Wuzhishan  Hainan Island

摘要:

铜鼓岭位于海南省东北部,共有维管植物166科626属984种及变种。五指山位于海南岛中部山区,共有维管植物196科911属2 146种及变种。前者共有单型科54科,单种属431属,分别占科和属总数的27.11%,68.74%; 后者共有单型科35科,单种属496属,分别占科及属总数17.77%,54.5%。说明五指山物种组成比铜鼓岭的更丰富,但两个区系属内种系分化程度都较弱。区系分析表明:(1)铜鼓岭以泛热带分布占优势,热带亚洲分布次之,分别占该区非世界分布属总数的34.5%和17.8%; 五指山以热带亚洲分布占优势,泛热带分布次之,分别占非世界分布属总数的37.5%和24.1%; 两个区系热带性质强烈,但前者以泛热带分布为主,后者以热带亚洲成分为主。(2)铜鼓岭共有35种海南特有种,占海南536个海南特有种(变种)的6.53%; 五指山共有284个海南特有种,五指山特有种16种,占海南特有种的52.99%,说明其在海南植物区系中比铜鼓岭更重要。

Abstract:

Tongguling National Nature Reserve,which is located in northeastern part of Hainan Island,consists of 984 species and varieties,166 families and 626 genera of vascular plants. Wuzhishan National Nature Reserve,which is located in the central mountainous area of Hainan Island,consists of 2 146 species and varieties,196 families and 911 genera of vascular plants. There are 54 monotypic families and 431 monotypic genera,accounting for 27.11%,68.74% of the total families and genera in flora of Tongguling. Flora of Wuzhishan consists of 35 monotypic families and 496 monotypic genera,accounting for 17.77%,54.5% of the total families and genera. It indicates that the composition in flora of Wuzhishan is more complex and diverse than that of Tongguling,and the species in genus differentiated weakly in both floras. Analysis on both floras indicates that:(1)Pan-tropical type occupies the largest proportion and the next is Tropical Asia one,accounting for 34.5%,17.8% of the total number of non-cosmospolitan in flora of Tongguling respectively; but in flora of Wuzhishan,Tropical Asia type occupies the largest proportion and the next is Pan-tropical one,accounting for 37.5%,24.1% of the total number of non-cosmospolitan of this area. It indicates that both floras are predominated by tropical elements,but number of Pan-tropical one is the most in the former and Tropical Asian one is the dominant in the latter.(2)Flora of Tongguling contains 35 species endemic to Hainan,accounting for 6.53% of the 536 species(varieties)endemic to Hainan; there are 284 species endemic to Hainan(accounting for 52.99% of the total number of the endemics to Hainan),and 16 species endemic to local area in flora of Wuzhishan. This indicates that it is very important to flora of Hainan.