红肉脐橙前期花芽形态分化研究

Researched on morphological differentiation of flower bud in early stage of red flesh navel orange

关键词:  红肉脐橙  花芽  形态分化

Key words:  red flesh navel orange  flower bud  morphological differentiation

摘要:

为了摸清红肉脐橙的花芽分化时期,以便在适宜的时期采取措施调控花芽分化,确保每年都有适宜的花量,为高产稳产奠定基础。2006～2007年,笔者采用石蜡切片法观察了红肉脐橙花芽形态分化过程。结果表明,红肉脐橙花芽分化从11月上旬开始,11月下旬开始萼片分化,翌年1月中旬进入花瓣分化期,2月上旬雄蕊、雌蕊分化开始,每个时期都历时较长。其过程可分为生理分化期、花芽分化期、花萼分化期、花瓣分化期、雄蕊分化期、雌蕊分化期和子房形成期7个时期。红肉脐橙花量大,其花芽分化过程比较缓慢,分化期也较分散,分化时间长,每个时期都有重叠交叉现象。

Abstract:

Paraffin cut method was used to observe the developing process of the flower bud differentiation of red flesh navel orange. The results showed that the flower bud differentiation initiated from early November,the sepal began to differentiate in late November; it came into petal differentiation stage in middle- January of the next year,after that, the stamen and pistil differentiation stage began in late February; each of these stages lasted for a relative long time. The process could be divided into seven phases:the bud before flower initiation,flower bud differentiation stage,sepal differentiation stage,petal differentiation stage,stamen differentiation stage,pistil differentiation stage,ovary differentiation stage. It had large number of flowers,the developing process of the flower bud differentiation of red flesh navel orange were relatively slow,distract and long,each stage had overlap layering effect.