不同倍性罗汉果果实的生长与甙类含量动态变化规律的研究

Dynamic change rules in fruit growth and mogrol glycoside content of Siraitia grosvenorii with different ploidies

关键词:  多倍体  二倍体  罗汉果果实  生长  甙类含量

Key words:  polyploidy and diploid  Siraitia grosvenorii fruit  growth  mogrol glycoside content

摘要:

对不同倍性罗汉果果实的生长动态、甙类含量动态及其变化规律的研究。结果表明:多倍体与二倍体果实的生长和甙类动态变化规律基本一致。果实的生长动态均可分为3个时期:迅速生长期(1～20 d)、缓慢生长期(20～30 d)、停止生长期(30～90 d),80 d时果实的形态达到最大值,4x>2x>3x,多倍体表现出巨大性。而甙类含量的动态随日龄的增长均表现为:苦味的甙ⅡE转化为甙Ⅲ,两者依次出现和消失; 最终都转化为高甜度的甙Ⅴ,即成熟罗汉果以甙Ⅴ为主; 80 d时甙Ⅴ的含量达到最大,4x>3x>2x; 多倍体的甜甙含量显著提高,特别是三倍体还具有无籽的特性。

Abstract:

The dynamic process of fruit growth and mogrol glycoside content and their change rules were investigated. The results showed that:the dynamic change rule of the fruit growth and mogrol glycosides content of S.grosvenorii with both polyploid and diploid were similar. The growth process of the fruit could be divided into three period:rapid growth period(1-20 d),slow growth period(20-30 d)and stop growth period(30-90 d). When the fruits grew for 80 days,their morphology were the largest and followed in the pattern of 4x>2x>3x,the polyploidy S.grosvenorii also showed larger. And with the day-old growth,the bitter component,mogrosideⅡE,converted into the mogroside Ⅲ,then both of them emergenced and disappearanced respectively,and converted into mogrosideⅤwith high sweetness. So the ripe fruits of S.grosvenorii were full of mogrosideⅤ. And when growing for 80 days,the content of mogrosideⅤ reached the highest and followed 4x>3x>2x,so the content of mogrosideⅤin polyploidy S.grosvenorii was markedly improved and in particular triploid S.grosvenorii had seedless characteristics. So the best time for harvesting the fruit of different ploidy S.grosvenorii was 80 days after pollination.