我国少数民族传统民居建筑中的植物利用

Traditional uses of plants in local style dwelling houses among different ethnic groups in China

关键词:  传统知识  建材植物  植物利用  民族植物学

Key words:  traditional knowledge  plants for construction  plant usage  ethnobotany

摘要:

运用民族植物学的方法，对我国少数民族传统民居建筑使用的植物进行调查和分析。该文简要介绍了33个少数民族聚居区的自然环境条件和植被多样性；统计得到90种民间用于建筑材料的植物，报道了其使用部位、使用方法及使用民族，其中以傣族利用植物资源最为丰富；探讨了影响不同少数民族民居建筑植物选择的影响因素，包括自然条件、民族文化、社会经济因素。

Abstract:

The wild plants traditionally used in local style dwelling houses among different ethnic groups were investigated by the methods of ethnobotanical field survey. The environmental and plant diversity of the living area in 33 ethnic groups were introduced. 90 species used in traditional local style dwelling houses were listed，whose parts utilized，usages and using minorities were summarized，of which the plant diversity of Dai People used was the most abundant. The factors affected choosing plants were also analyzed，including natural conditions，national culture，social and economic factors.