九种海滨沙生植物解剖构造及其生态适应性研究

Anatomical structures and ecological adaptability research of nine species of psammophytes on beach

关键词:  北戴河  沙生植物  形态结构  营养器官

Key words:  Beidaihe  psammophytes  morphology and anatomy  vegetative organs

摘要:

利用常规石蜡制片法,对生长于北戴河海滨沙地的9种沙生植物的营养器官的形态结构进行比较观察。结果表明:(1)叶结构出现各种旱生和盐生植物特征,如一些植物叶的栅栏组织发达,海绵组织退化; 多数植物的叶片较小; 多数植物支脉和侧脉多等;(2)轴器官具有发达的表皮和机械组织,有异常结构的出现。说明北戴河海滨沙滩生长的9种植物的营养器官存在一系列的旱生结构特征,这些结构在减少蒸腾作用,增强光合作用,储存水分,增强器官的机械强度方面具有积极的作用。

Abstract:

The morphology and anatomy of vegetative organs of psammophytes of 9 species on Beidaihe beach was studied using traditional paraffin section. The results were as follows:(1)The leaves showed the features of xerophil,for instance,palisade tissues were very developed,while their spongy tissues degenerated in some plants; The leaves of the most plants showed very small and has more ramificate vein;(2)The axial organs had more developed epidermis and strong mechanical tissue,and abnormal structures appeared. These results suggested that vegetative organs of psammophytes on Beidaihe beach showed a series of xeric structures. These features of structure had a positive effect on reducing transpiration,boosting up photosynthesis,saving up water,enhancing strength of organs.