马来沉香组织培养技术研究

Tissue culture propagation technology of Aquilaria malaccensis

关键词:  马来沉香  组织培养  外植体  生长调节剂

Key words:  Aquilaria malaccensis  tissue culture  explants  germinate regular chemical

摘要:

以马来沉香茎段为外植体,分别对外植体的消毒、启动培养、增殖培养、壮苗培养、生根培养、炼苗移栽环节进行研究,着重探索马来沉香组织培养技术各个环节的最佳培养基配方,为马来沉香的工厂化育苗提供技术指导。结果表明:马来沉香最佳消毒方法是用0.1%升汞消毒4～5 min; 启动率最高的培养基配方是1/2 MS+6-BA 0.2 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1+蔗糖30 g·L^-1+琼脂5.8 g·L^-1,启动率达70.5%; 增殖系数最高的培养基是1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L^-16-BA+25 g·L^-1蔗糖+5.8 g·L^-1琼脂,增殖系数达2.9; 最佳壮苗培养基是1/2 MS+30 g·L^-1蔗糖+5.8 g·L^-1琼脂; 最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 5.0 mg·L^-1 +20 g·L^-1糖+6 g·L^-1琼脂,培养2 d后移入1/2 MS培养基继续培养,生根率为83%; 马来沉香移栽较难成活,在泥炭土:黄泥土(2:1)的基质上成活率最高,移栽成活率65%。

Abstract:

Using the young shoots as explants, the methods including sterilization, induction, propagation, rooting and planting of the Aquilaria malaccensis were studied. It was indicated that the best method to sterilize was 4-5 min as 0.1% HgCl₂; 1/2 MS+6-BA 0.2 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1+sugar 30 g·L^-1+ agar 5.8 g·L^-1 as the effective medium for adventitious shoot induction, the induction rate was 70.5%; 1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L^-16-BA+sugar 25 g·L^-1+agar 5.8 g·L^-1 as the suitable propagation medium, and the coefficient was 2.9; the medium of 1/2 MS+ sugar 30 g·L^-1+ agar 5.8 g·L^-1 made the emblings grow strong to cut; 1/2 MS+NAA 5.0+sugar 20 g·L^-1+agar 6.0 g·L^-1 as the rooting medium,the rooting plantlets would be transferred to the medium with no hormone after two days. The rooting rate was 83%. It was a little difficult to transplant, and the survival rate was only 65% in the medium mixed with peat soil and yellow mud(proportion was 2:1).