施肥对香樟幼苗生长及养分分配的影响

Effects of fertilization on Cinnamomum camphora seedlings growth and nutrient distribution

关键词:  香樟  指数施肥  生物量  养分分布

Key words:  Cinnamomum camphora  exponential fertilization  biomass  nutrient distribution

摘要:

施肥是苗木培育的重要方式,香樟是乡土珍稀阔叶树种,苗木培育对乡土珍稀树种的保护、繁育、推广具有极其重要的作用,施肥对苗木的生长和发育具有重要的影响。因此,为了探讨香樟幼苗生长及植物体内养分分配对施肥的响应,该研究采用正交设计,设置了氮、磷、钾3因素3水平(N、P:0、3、6 g·株^-1; K:0、2、4 g·株^-1),对盆栽香樟幼苗进行指数施肥。结果表明:(1)氮肥对香樟幼苗苗高、地径、生物量的影响最为显著,磷肥和钾肥的影响则较小;(2)氮素在香樟幼苗叶、茎、根中的分布状况主要受氮肥的影响,磷素在香樟幼苗叶、茎、根中的分布状况主要受氮肥和磷肥的影响,钾素在香樟幼苗叶、茎、根中的分布状况主要受钾肥的影响;(3)香樟幼苗的苗高生长与叶片氮含量、叶片磷含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),地径生长与茎氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),叶生物量与叶片氮含量、叶片磷含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),茎生物量与叶片磷含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);(4)综合分析得出,对香樟幼苗苗高、地径生长,以及枝叶生物量积累最具促进作用的施肥水平为氮肥(6 g·株^-1)、磷肥(6 g·株^-1)、钾肥(4 g·株^-1)。

Abstract:

Fertilization is an important way of seedling cultivation. Cinnamomum camphora is a native and rare broadleaf species,and seedling cultivation of rare species plays an extremely important role in species protection,breeding,popularizing et al. Fertilization has an important impact on the growth and development of seedlings. This research try to reveal the influences of fertilization on seeding height,ground diameter,biomass and concentration content in different plant organs,through orthogonal design with three factors including N,P,K nutrients at three levels(N,P:0,3,6 g·pot^-1; K:0,2,4 g·pot^-1)to conduct potted C. camphora seedings with exponential fertilization. The main results were found as follows:(1)Fertilization could significantly promote the growth of seedlings,such as height and ground diameter. The effects of nitrogen was the most significant,followed by potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer;(2)Nitrogen could increase the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the leaf,stem and root of seedlings. Phosphorus could increase phosphorus content in the leaf,stem and root of seedlings. Potassium could increase potassium content in the leaf,stem and root of seedlings;(3)The seedlings height showed a significant positive relationship with nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the leaves(P<0.05). The ground diameter showed a significant positive relationship with nitrogen content in the stems(P<0.05). The biomass in leaves showed a significant positive relationship with nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the leaves(P<0.05). The biomass in stems showed a significant positive relationship with phosphorus content in the leaves(P<0.05);(4)For one-year-old C. camphora seedlings,the mixed fertilization of 6 g·pot^-1 nitrogen,6 g·pot^-1 phosphorus and 4 g·pot^-1 potassium were beneficial to the seedlings height,ground diameter and biomass of branches and leaves.