摘要: |
为探讨地形对灌草层生物量的影响,该文采用嵌套设计在东北虎豹国家公园调查了138个密林下样地共1 685个植物样方,通过嵌套方差分析与有序逻辑斯蒂回归模型对林下灌草层植物生物量受地形的影响进行了分析。结果表明:(1)不同坡位之间,沟谷的灌草生物量大于坡上,坡上大于坡下(P <0.01);不同坡向之间,阴坡灌草层生物量低于阳坡及平地(P <0.01),后二者间无显著差异;不同坡度之间,陡坡灌草层生物量高于平坡,平坡高于缓坡(P <0.01)。(2)坡位与坡向的交互作用显著,坡下平地、坡上平地、坡上阳坡与沟谷的所有坡位灌草生物量最高,坡下阴坡、坡下阳坡及坡上阴坡之间无显著差异。(3)研究区现行状态下,逻辑斯蒂回归结果显示灌草生物量在不同海拔、坡位及坡向坡度组合下不同。坡位、坡向及坡度对林下灌草生物量有显著影响,三个坡位等级间谷底最高而坡下最低,三个坡度等级间陡坡最高而缓坡最低,不同坡向比较阴坡最低。(4)在不排除人为干扰、森林放牧的现实情况下,沟谷、陡坡地带灌草生物量高产概率最高。本研究可为准确估计东北虎豹国家公园林下灌草层植物对虎豹猎物种群的承载力提供重要参考,从而为濒危虎豹的保护和管理提供科学依据。 |
关键词: 林下灌草层植物,有蹄类食物资源,地形,东北虎豹国家公园,有序逻辑斯蒂回归 |
DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202304043 |
分类号:S718.5 |
基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2023MA017);国家自然科学基金(31971539);科技部国家重点研发计划(2019FY101702);中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所横向项目(202204021-4102) |
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Impacts of topographic factors on spatial variability of temperate closed forest understory biomass in the eastern part of Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park |
WANG Le1, MOU Pu2, WANG Tianming2
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1.Institute of Ecological Protection and Restoration , Chinese Academy of Forestry;2.State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for ConservationEcology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park
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Abstract: |
To investigate the impact of topography on the understory biomass, this study employed a nested design and conducted surveys in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, involving a total of 138 plots within closed forests, comprising 1 685 plant quadrats. The analysis of the effect of topography on understory biomass was carried out using nested analysis of variance and an ordinal logistic regression model. The results showed: (1) Among different slope positions, the biomass of understory in valleys was higher than on upper slopes, and the footslopes where the understory biomass was the lowest (P < 0.01). The biomass of understory on shaded slopes was lower than on sunny slopes and flat terrain (P < 0.01), with no significant difference between the latter two. In terms of different slope gradients, the biomass of understory on steep slopes was higher than on moderate slopes, and moderate slopes had higher biomass than gentle slopes (P < 0.01). (2) There was a significant interaction between slope position and aspect. The biomass of understory was highest on flat terrain at the foot slope, flat terrain on upper slopes, sunny slopes, and in valleys among all slope positions. There was no significant difference in biomass among shaded slopes, sunny slopes, and shaded slopes on upper slopes. (3) Logistic regression analysis of the current state of the study area showed that the probability of high or low understory biomass varied across different combinations of elevation, slope position, and slope aspect. Slope position, aspect, and gradient had significant effects on the biomass of understory. Among the three slope positions, the biomass was highest in valley and lowest on foot slopes. Among the three slope gradients, steep slopes had the highest biomass, while gentle slopes had the lowest. Shaded slopes had the lowest biomass compared to other slope aspects. (4) Considering the realistic situation of human disturbance and forest grazing, steep slope areas in valleys had the highest probability of high understory biomass. This study can provide important references for accurately estimating the carrying capacity of understory for preys populations of tiger and leopard in Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, thereby offering a scientific basis for the conservation and management of endangered tigers and leopards. |
Key words: understory, forage resource, topography, Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, ordinal logistic regression |