摘要: |
为了解豫南间作不同林木茶园土壤真菌群落结构及多样性的差异,该研究采用高通量测序技术对间作板栗、麻栗和杉树的茶园土壤真菌的群落组成和多样性及真菌功能进行探究,并进行土壤化学性质与真菌群落相关性分析。结果表明:(1)间作麻栗和杉树茶园土壤真菌物种丰度和物种多样性均显著高于板栗,三者之间土壤真菌群落组成均存在显著差异(p<0.05),且间作麻栗和杉树的茶园真菌群落组成上相似性较高;(2)间作杉树和麻栗的茶园土壤共有OUT数高于间作板栗和麻栗以及板栗和杉树;间作板栗的茶园土壤特有OUT最少;(3)担子菌门、子囊菌门为是三种间作林木茶园土壤的优势菌,其中间作板栗和杉树茶园土壤相对丰度最高的均为担子菌门,而间作麻栗的茶园土壤相对丰度最高的是子囊菌门,且间作板栗的茶园土壤中担子菌门相对丰度显著高于杉树和麻栗,而子囊菌门、球囊菌门则显著低于间作杉树和麻栗的茶园。在属的分类水平上,间作板栗的茶园土壤中红菇属、被孢霉属相对丰度显著高于间作麻栗和杉树的茶园。(4)间作板栗、麻栗和杉树的茶园土壤硝态氮、速效磷存在显著差异,土壤真菌群落结构与土壤化学性质存在显著相关性。(5)三种间作林木间真菌营养类型存在差异,其中间作板栗和杉树的茶园土壤真菌以外生菌根真菌为主,间作麻栗的土壤真菌以未定义腐生真菌为主。综上所述,间作板栗、麻栗和杉树的茶园土壤真菌群落组成和多样性及功能存在显著差异,这与茶园土壤化学性质存在一定的联系,此结果对茶园间作物种选择有一定的指导作用。 |
关键词: 茶园 间作林木 土壤真菌 群落结构 功能 |
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基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目课题(2021YFD1601103);河南省科技攻关项目(232102110212);信阳生态研究院开放基金(2023XYQN23) |
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Effects of Intercropping Trees on the Structure and Function of Soil Fungal Communities in Tea Gardens |
LIU Wei, WEI Yiwei, DU Jinbao, ZHANG Yongrui, HUANG Shuangjie, WANG Liyan, SUN Mufang
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Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Comprehensive Utilization in South Henan,Henan Xinyang
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Abstract: |
In order to understand the differences in soil fungal community structure and diversity in intercropped tea gardens with different tree species in southern Henan, this study used high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the community composition, diversity and function of soil fungi in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut, macadamia and fir trees, and analyzed the correlation between soil chemical properties and fungal communities. The results were as follows: (1) The species richness and diversity of soil fungi in tea gardens intercropped with macadamia and fir trees were significantly higher than those intercropped with chestnut, and there were significant differences in the composition of soil fungal communities among the three intercropped tea gardens (p < 0.05). The similarity of fungal community composition was higher in tea gardens intercropped with macadamia and fir trees. (2) The number of shared OUTs in tea gardens intercropped with fir and macadamia was higher than that in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut and macadamia and chestnut and fir. The number of unique OUTs in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut was the least. (3) The Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the dominant fungi in the three intercropped forest tea gardens. The relative abundance of Basidiomycota was the highest in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut and fir, while that of Ascomycota was the highest in tea gardens intercropped with macadamia. The relative abundance of Basidiomycota in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut was significantly higher than that in tea gardens intercropped with fir and macadamia, while that of Ascomycota and Glomeromycota was significantly lower than that in tea gardens intercropped with fir and macadamia. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Mycena and Mortierella in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut was significantly higher than that in tea gardens intercropped with macadamia and fir. (4) There were significant differences in nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus among tea gardens intercropped with chestnut, macadamia and fir. There was a significant correlation between soil fungal community structure and soil chemical properties. (5) There were differences in fungal trophic types among the three intercropped forest species. The soil fungi in tea gardens intercropped with chestnut and fir were mainly ectomycorrhizal fungi, while the soil fungi in tea gardens intercropped with macadamia were mainly undefined saprophytic fungi. In summary, there are significant differences in soil fungal community composition, diversity and function among tea gardens intercropped with chestnut, macadamia and fir. This is associated with certain soil chemical properties. The results have certain guiding significance for the selection of intercropping species in tea gardens. |
Key words: Tea garden, intercropped trees, soil fungi, community structure, function |