氮磷钾肥对有柄石韦生理及绿原酸合成积累的影响

Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on physiology and chlorogenic acid synthesis and accumulation of Pyrrosia petiolosa

关键词:  有柄石韦, 氮磷钾肥, 生理, 绿原酸, 积累

Key words:  Pyrrosia petiolosa,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, physiology, chlorogenic acid(CGA), accumulation

摘要:

为探讨氮磷钾3种养分对有柄石韦生理及有效成分绿原酸合成积累的影响,该研究以有柄石韦组培苗为材料,分别用低养分(不施肥:N₀,P₀,K₀)、正常施肥(N:0.20 g·kg^-1,P:0.15 g·kg^-1,K:0.15 g·kg^-1)和高养分(N₁:0.40 g·kg^-1,P₁:0.30 g·kg^-1,K₁:0.30 g·kg^-1)3个浓度梯度,设置7个处理分别为NPK、N₀PK、N₁PK、NP₀K、NP₁K、NPK₀、NPK₁,测定不同处理下有柄石韦的抗性生理指标、绿原酸(CGA)含量及其合成关键酶活性。结果表明:(1)氮磷钾肥对有柄石韦的抗性生理有显著的影响,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)在高氮和低钾处理中活性显著增加,而3种养分的低浓度和高浓度处理均会导致过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著上升。(2)不同养分水平氮、磷和钾对有柄石韦CGA含量存在显著影响,正常施肥的CGA含量最高,达到12.92 mg·g^-1; 高钾施肥的CGA含量最低,为7.79 mg·g^-1; 钾肥对CGA含量影响最显著。(3)CGA合成关键酶活性在不同施肥处理中差异显著,CGA含量与奎宁酸羟基肉桂酰转移酶(HQT)和4-香豆酰辅酶A连接酶(4CL)活性呈显著正相关,与莽草酸羟基肉酰转移酶(HCT)活性显著负相关,HQT、4CL和HCT是导致CGA含量差异的关键因素。该研究结果为有柄石韦药材的人工栽培提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

To explore the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the physiology of Pyrrosia petiolosa as well as the synthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid(CGA), tissue culture seedlings of P. petiolosa were used as materials, and three concentration gradients of low nutrient( no fertilization: N₀, P₀, K₀ ), normal fertilization( N: 0.20 g·kg^-1, P: 0.15 g·kg^-1, K: 0.15 g·kg^-1 )and high nutrient( N₁: 0.40 g·kg^-1, P₁: 0.30 g·kg^-1, K₁: 0.30 g·kg^-1)were set up. Seven treatments were set up to NPK, N₀PK, N₁PK, NP₀K, NP₁K, NPK₀ and NPK₁, and the resistance physiological indexes, CGA contents and key enzyme activities of P. petiolosa under different treatments were determined. The results were as follows:(1)Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had significant effects on the resistance physiology of P. petiolosa. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)increased significantly under high nitrogen and low potassium treatments, but catalase(CAT)activities rose significantly under low and high treatments of three nutrients.(2)The contents of CGA in P. petiolosa was significantly affected by different nutrient levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The CGA level in normal fertilization was the highest, reaching 12.92 mg·g^-1, while the CGA content in high potassium fertilization was the lowest, 7.79 mg·g^-1. Potassium fertilizer had the most significant effect on CGA content.(3)The key enzyme activities of CGA synthesis were significantly different in different fertilization treatments. The content of CGA was positively correlated with the activities of quinate o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase(HQT)and 4-coumaroyl coenzyme ligase(4CL), and negatively correlated with the activity of quinic acid shikimate o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase(HCT). HQT, 4CL and HCT were the key factors leading to the difference of CGA content. The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for the artificial cultivation of P. petiolosa.