中国石斛属(兰科)植物新资料

New records of Dendrobium(Orchidaceae)from China

关键词:  石斛属, 兰科, 新记录, 地理分布, 西藏, 中国

Key words:  Dendrobium, Orchidaceae, new records, geographical distribution, Xizang, China

摘要:

在西藏开展兰科植物资源调查过程中,发现了2种石斛属(金石斛组)物种,通过文献和标本的查阅之后,分别确定为麦氏金石斛(Dendrobium macraei Lindl.)和西藏金石斛(D. ritaeanum King & Pantl.),两者均为中国首次记录。其中,麦氏金石斛与流苏金石斛(D. plicatile Lindley)近似,不同之处在于前者唇瓣中裂片边缘全缘,中裂片具2条纵脊,并仅延伸至唇瓣中部,先端凹; 西藏金石斛虽然植株与狭叶金石斛[D. angustifolium (Blume)Lindl.]近似,但该种花很小,萼片和花瓣不具紫色条纹且唇瓣长达1.4 cm,侧裂片三角形,花期时容易区分。同时,该文还提供了该2种石斛属植物详细的形态特征描述以及解剖图版等资料,凭证标本保存于西藏农牧学院标本馆。该发现丰富了中国兰科植物本底资料以及潜在药用植物资源储备,对中国兰科植物的生物多样性研究和药用兰科资源的调查具有重要意义。

Abstract:

Dendrobium is the second largest genus of Orchidaceae, distributed in southern and southwestern China. The number of Dendrobium is large, but some taxa have not been discovered. During the investigation of orchid resources in Xizang, two Dendrobium species were discovered, which were identified as D. macraei Lindl. and D. ritaeanum King & Pantl. Both were recorded for the first time in China. The results are as follows: D. macraei is similar to D. plicatile, with the difference that the edge of the middle lobe of lip is entire, apex concave; D. ritaeanum is similar to D. angustifolium, the flowers of the former are very small, and sepals and petals do not have purple stripes, and the lip is triangular up to 1.4 cm in length. The detailed morphological characteristics and photographs of the two species are provided. The specimens are stored in the Herbarium of Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University. This discovery enriches the local data and the potential medicinal plant resource reserve of orchids in China, and is of great significance to the biodiversity study of orchids and the investigation of medicinal orchid resources.