海南省国家重点保护野生植物分布特征及所依托植被类型研究（附表）

Distribution characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province and the vegetation types underlying them

关键词:  海南省, 国家重点保护野生植物, 物种丰富度, 物种密度, 分布特征, 植被类型

Key words:  Hainan Province, national key protected wild plants, species richness, species density, distribution characteristics, vegetation types

摘要:

为揭示海南省国家重点保护野生植物的分布状况及生境特征,该文基于2021版《国家重点保护野生植物名录》,通过数据整理和野外调查等方法,对海南省国家重点保护野生植物的分布特征及所依托植被类型开展研究。结果表明:(1)海南省分布的国家重点保护野生植物共53科83属173种,在全国各省(区、市)中物种数位列第五,物种密度排在首位(基于当前公布国家重点保护野生植物数据基础)。(2)海南省19个市(县)行政区均有国家重点保护野生植物分布,中部及南部市(县)分布的物种数远大于北部市(县),其中物种丰富度最大的为昌江黎族自治县(75种),物种密度最高的为陵水黎族自治县(0.604 5 ind.·km^-2); 海南省国家重点保护野生植物的物种数在海拔(altitude, Alt)0～1 867 m的9个区段(梯度值200 m)内均有分布,并随着海拔的升高呈微降-骤升-缓降的趋势,物种数最多的海拔区段为800 m≤Alt<1 000 m及 1 000 m≤Alt<1 200 m,均有81种,最少的海拔区段为1 600 m≤Alt<1 867 m,仅9种。(3)海南省国家重点保护野生植物生境复杂,共依托于11种植被类型,物种丰富度最高的为低地雨林(114种),其次是山地雨林(105种),最低的是半红树林(1种); 物种受干扰程度最大的植被类型是淡水湿生草丛,其次是低地雨林,最小的是山地云雾林。该研究结果为海南省国家重点保护野生植物的保护利用提供了科学参考。

Abstract:

In order to reveal the distribution and habitat characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, we studied the distribution characteristics and vegetation types of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province by selecting national key protected wild plants, based on the 2021 edition of The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants through the methods such as data reduction and field surveys. The results were as follows:(1)There were a total of 53 families, 83 genera and 173 species of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, ranking fifth in the number of species and first in the density of species in China(based on the current data base of wild).(2)All 19 counties and municipalities in Hainan Province had national key protected wild plants, and the number of species in the central and the south of the cities/counties is much larger than that in the north, with the largest species richness in Changjiang Li Autonomous County(75 species), and the highest species density in Lingshui Li Autonomous County(0.604 5 ind.·km^-2); the number of species of national key protected wild plants was distributed in nine gradients(with a gradient value of 200 m)from 0 m to 1 867 m above sea level, and there were a trend of slightly decreased-very rapidly increased-slowly decreased, with the highest number of species distributed in the elevation band. When 800 m ≤ Altitude < 1 000 m and 1 000 m ≤ Altitude < 1 200 m, there was 81 national key protected wild plant species, while only 9 species in the segment 1 600 m ≤ Altitude < 1 867 m.(3)The habitats of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province were complexed, relied on a total of 11 vegetation types, among which the lowland rainforest had the highest species richness(114 species), followed by mountain rainforest(105 species)and the semi-mangrove forest(1 species); and the most severely externally disturbed is freshwater wet grassland, followed by lowland rainforest, and the least is montane cloud forest. The results of the study provide the scientific reference for the conservation and utilization of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province.