江西省重点保护野生维管植物的比较研究和地理分布（附录）

Comparative study and geographical distribution of key protected wild vascular plants in Jiangxi Province, China

关键词:  中国, 保护生物学, 分布格局, 江西省, 重点保护植物名录, 珍稀濒危植物, 物种丰富度

Key words:  China, conservation biology, distribution pattern, Jiangxi Province, key protected plant checklist, rare and endangered plants, species richness

摘要:

珍稀濒危野生植物是重要的战略资源和生物多样性保护的重要组成部分。掌握江西省重点保护植物的多样性和地理分布是制定省域范围内科学保护和管理办法的关键步骤。通过整合《国家重点保护野生植物名录》(2021)中江西省分布的种类和《江西省重点保护野生植物名录》(2005),结合国家标本资源共享平台数字化的标本分布数据,对江西省重点保护野生维管植物多样性、保护概况和地理分布特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)江西省分布的国家重点保护植物有148种(包括种下类群),分属47科89属。(2)整合的江西省重点保护植物总计407种,分属85科208属。其中,石松和蕨类植物9科10属16种,裸子植物6科17属26种,被子植物70科181属365种。(3)407种重点保护植物中,60.9%的种类在32个国家级和省级自然保护区有分布,70.5%的种类在中国67个植物园有分布。(4)物种丰富度的观察值和估计值表明,物种丰富度较高的区域包括北部的庐山,西部的九岭山、武功山和井冈山,南部南岭的大庾岭、九连山,东部的武夷山及其邻近区域,估计的重点保护植物物种丰富度格局和江西省5个生物多样性保护关键区域有较高的一致性。该文讨论了《江西省重点保护植物名录》(2005)收录种类存在的问题,并提出了未来省级保护植物名录优先物种选择的6E原则和加强省级重点保护植物研究的相关建议。

Abstract:

Rare and endangered wild plants are important strategic resources and an essential component of biodiversity conservation. Grasping the diversity and geographic distribution of key protected plants in Jiangxi Province is a key step in developing scientific conservation and management at the provincial scale. Combining The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants(NKPWP, 2021)and The Checklist of the Key Protected Wild Plants in Jiangxi Province(KPWP, 2005), and digitized distribution data of herbarium specimens provided by the National Specimen Information Infrastructure(NSII), the diversity, geographic distribution, and conservation profile of these plants found in Jiangxi Province are analyzed. The results are as follows:(1)A total of 148 species of NKPWP(including intraspecies taxa), spanning 89 genera and 47 families, are found in Jiangxi Province.(2)A total of 407 species, belonging to 85 families and 208 genera, are recognized as the key protected plants in Jiangxi Province, including 16 species of lycopods and ferns(9 families and 10 genera); 26 species of gymnosperms(6 families and 17 genera), and 365 species of angiosperms(70 families and 181 genera).(3)Among of these species, 60.9% of them are protected within 32 national and provincial natural reserves; 70.5% of them are conserved ex situ in 67 Chinese botanic gardens.(4)Observation value and estimation value of species richness indicate that the areas with higher species richness include mountains and its adjacent areas of Lushan, Jiuling, Wugong, Jinggang in northern area, and Dayuling, Jiulian, and Wuyi in southern area. The distribution pattern of hotspots is generally consistent with the ranges of five key protected areas of biodiversity conservation in Jiangxi Province. The issues of the species included in The Checklist of the Key Protected Wild Plants of Jiangxi Province(2005)were discussed, and the 6E principles of the priority selection of key protected wild plants at province level and the related suggestions to strengthen the research on provincial protected plants were proposed.