工业大麻WOX基因家族的全基因组鉴定及表达分析

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WOX gene family of industrial hemp

关键词:  工业大麻，WOX基因家族，生物信息学分析

Key words:  industrial hemp, WOX gene family, bioinformatics analysis

摘要:

工业大麻是重要的纤维作物，其纤维具有多种独特优势和广泛应用前景，WOX基因家族在调控工业大麻纤维发育与植株生长抗逆过程中具有潜在作用。目前，工业大麻中CsWOX基因家族的功能及其在稳产、增产等关键生物学过程中的作用尚未明晰。因此，本研究旨在系统鉴定工业大麻CsWOX基因家族成员，揭示其在生长发育和干旱胁迫响应中的分子功能，初步阐明钩状木霉通过调控WOX基因网络提升植株抗逆性的分子机制。结果表明：（1）从工业大麻中鉴定出11个CsWOX基因家族成员，编码氨基酸长度为202~435 aa；相对分子量为25 398.3~48 429.45 Da，该基因家族蛋白多数呈酸性且多数定位于细胞核。（2）CsWOX蛋白成员可分为3个分支（古代支、中间支、现代支），现代支有含有6个亚支，中间支含有2个亚支，古代支只有1个亚支，同一亚支的WOX转录因子保守基序种类及组织形式存在一定保守性，每个家族成员均含有1个螺旋-环-螺旋-转角-螺旋结构的保守结构域。（3）启动子预测分析发现光相关响应、赤霉素响应、脱落酸响应相关的顺式元件数量最多，其他元件如生长素响应、水杨酸响应、厌氧响应、昼夜节律响应、低温和防御响应等顺式元件不均匀分布于启动子中。（4）CsWOX4、CsWOX13a/b基因在根、茎、叶、花等组织均有较高的表达量；并且与对照组相比，CsWOX4和CsWOX13a/b在干旱处理、钩状木霉处理及干旱和钩状木霉共处理的表达量发生变化，推测其可能在工业大麻生长发育以及植株抗逆过程中发挥潜在作用。该研究为解析CsWOX基因家族在工业大麻生长发育及抗逆中的功能提供了重要线索。

Abstract:

Industrial hemp is an important fiber crop, and its fibers have multiple unique advantages and broad application prospects. The WOX gene family has potential roles in regulating fiber development, plant growth, and stress resistance in industrial hemp. Currently, the functions of the CsWOX gene family in industrial hemp and its roles in key biological processes such as stable yield and yield increase have not been clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically identify the members of the CsWOX gene family in industrial hemp, to reveal their molecular functions in fiber development and drought stress response, and to preliminarily clarify the molecular mechanism by which?Trichoderma hamatum?enhances plant stress resistance through regulating the WOX gene network. The results wrere as follows: (1) Eleven CsWOX gene family members were identified in industrial hemp, encoding proteins with amino acid lengths ranging from 202 to 435 aa, and relative molecular weights ranging from 25,398.3 to 48,429.45 Da. Most proteins in this gene family are acidic and localized in the nucleus; (2) CsWOX proteins can be divided into three branches (ancient branch, intermediate branch, and modern branch). The modern branch contains six sub-branches, the intermediate branch contains two sub-branches, and the ancient branch contains only one sub-branch. WOX transcription factors in the same sub-branch have certain conservation in the types and organization of conserved motifs. Each family member contains a conserved domain with a helix-loop-helix-turn-helix structure; (3) Promoter prediction analysis found that the number of cis-elements related to light response, gibberellin response, and abscisic acid response was the highest. Other cis-elements such as auxin response, salicylic acid response, anaerobic response, circadian rhythm response, low temperature response, and defense response were unevenly distributed in the promoters; (4)?CsWOX4?and?CsWOX13a/b?genes had high expression levels in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of?CsWOX4?and?CsWOX13a/b?changed under drought treatment,?Trichoderma hamatum?treatment, and combined drought and?Trichoderma hamatum?treatment, suggesting that they may play potential roles in the growth, development, and stress resistance of industrial hemp. This study provides important clues for understanding the functions of the CsWOX gene family in the growth, development, and stress resistance of industrial hemp.