| 本文已被：浏览 913次 下载 151次 |
|
|
|
| 环境因子与新疆野苹果幼苗生长和存活的相关性分析 |
|
陈文龙1, 依里帆·艾克拜尔江2,3, 张雨思1, 米尔卡米力·麦麦提4, 依米热尼·艾米尔1, 李冬红1, 田中平1*
|
|
1. 新疆师范大学 生命科学学院,新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室,乌鲁木齐 830017；2. 新疆西天山国家级自然保护区管理中心,新疆 伊宁 835000；3. 新疆西天山森林生态系统定位观测研究站,新疆 巩留 835400；4. 喀什大学 生命与地理科学学院,新疆 喀什 844000
|
|
| 摘要: |
| 幼苗期是资源植物整个生活史中最脆弱的时期，也是对外界环境变化最敏感的时期。然而，以往的研究在探讨植物幼苗的生长和存活时，主要依赖于气象站提供的宏观气候数据，而未能充分考虑林下微气候的动态变化对幼苗生长的潜在影响。该研究以国家二级重点保护野生植物新疆野苹果（Malus sieversii）为研究对象，通过对其幼苗和微气候进行连续3年的调查和监测，以及林下土壤pH、草本盖度和林冠郁闭度等环境因子的调查，探究生物和非生物环境因子对新疆野苹果幼苗生长和存活的影响，为这一野生植物资源的科学保护与管理提供理论依据。结果表明：(1) 生长季平均温度和土壤湿度的增加，有助于提高幼苗的存活率并促进生长，并且生长季平均温度与新疆野苹果幼苗的叶片数呈显著的正效应。(2) 土壤pH是新疆野苹果幼苗的死亡率与存活率最重要的环境因子，其贡献率均是47.6%。(3) 林冠郁闭度作为影响幼苗的株高、基径和叶片数的关键因子，其贡献率分别达到了32.5%、61.0%和52.4%，并且幼苗性状随着郁闭度的增加而呈现出下降的趋势。(4) 生长季的平均温度是影响幼苗盖度的最重要环境因子，其贡献率是39.5%。综上认为，新疆野苹果幼苗的生长和存活主要受林冠郁闭度及其林下温度和土壤pH的影响，在后期的保护与管理中应重点关注这些环境因子。 |
| 关键词: 野果林，新疆野苹果，幼苗，微气候，土壤pH |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202501006 |
| 分类号:Q948.1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31901096)；新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划自然科学项目(XJEDU2019Y034)；新疆师范大学青年拔尖人才项目(XJNUQB2023-11)；新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJNUZBS2427)。 |
|
| Correlation analysis of environmental factors with the growth and survival of Malus sieversii seedlings |
|
CHEN Wenlong1, AKBERJAN Erfan2,3, ZHANG Yusi1, MAIMAITI Mierkamili4, AIMIER Yimireni1, LI Donghong1, TIAN Zhongping1
|
|
1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830017, China; 2. Xinjiang Administration Center of West Tianshan National Nature Reserve, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China; 3. Xinjiang West Tianshan forest ecosystem observation and research station, Gongliu 835400, Xinjiang, China; 4. College of life and Geographic Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, Xinjiang, China
|
| Abstract: |
| The seedling stage is the most vulnerable and environmentally sensitive period in the life history of plant resources.?However, previous studies failed to fully consider the potential impact of dynamic changes in the understory microclimate on seedling growth. In this study, Malus sieversii, the category Ⅱ key protected wild plants in China, was used as the research object. To understand the effects of biotic and abiotic environmental factors on the growth and survival of seedlings for M. sieversii, microclimate as well as other environmental factors such as soil pH, herbaceous coverage and canopy cover were investigated and monitored for three consecutive years. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for the scientific conservation and management of this wild plant resource. The results were as follows: (1) Increased mean temperature and soil moisture in the growing season was helpful to improve the survival rate and promote the growth of seedlings, and the mean temperature of the growing season had a significant positive effect on the number of leaves of seedlings for M. sieversii. (2) Soil pH was the most important environmental factor for the mortality and survival rate of seedlings for M. sieversii, and its contribution rate was 47.6%. (3) Canopy cover was the key factor affecting the height, basal diameter and leaf number of seedlings, and its contribution rate were 32.5%, 61.0% and 52.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the seedling traits has a downward trend with the increase of canopy cover. (4) The mean temperature of growing season was the most important environmental factor affecting seedling coverage, and its contribution rate was 39.5%. In all, canopy cover, understory temperature and soil pH mainly affected the growth and survival of M. sieversii seedlings, which should be focused on in the later protection and management. |
| Key words: wild fruit forest, Malus sieversii, seedling, microclimate, soil pH |
