横断山高寒球宿根植物资源评估与活体研究体系构建

Assessment of bulbous perennial plants resources and development of a living germplasm research framework in the Hengduan Mountains

关键词:  横断山区，球宿根植物，资源评估，层次分析法，迁地保护，活体种质

Key words:  Hengduan Mountains, bulbous perennial plants, resource assessment, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), ex-situ conservation, living germplasm

摘要:

为了解决气候变化背景下高寒植物保护和利用的两大难题，该文以横断山区高寒球宿根植物为研究对象，系统调查并评估了该区域球宿根植物的多样性及其经济价值，首次构建了基于活体种质的迁地保存与研究体系。主要结果如下：（1）统计结果表明该区域共有47科164属479种球宿根植物，采用层次分析法（analytic hierarchy process，AHP）对物种的引种潜力进行科学量化排序，明确了优先保护与利用的对象。（2）揭示了球宿根植物适应极端高寒环境的内在机制，重点探讨了地下贮藏器官在无性繁殖和环境适应中的作用，并利用其特性建立了活体研究体系，突破传统依赖种子萌发获取实验材料的瓶颈，不仅提升了实验材料的稳定供应和利用效率，还为濒危物种迁地保护与后续分子遗传学、代谢组学研究提供了重要平台。（3）分析了当前评估模型与活体保存技术的局限，提出结合多学科技术提升资源评估精准性及扩大活体体系应用范围的未来方向。该研究结果为应对气候变化和人为干扰背景下高寒球宿根植物资源的保护、开发与可持续利用提供了科学依据和技术支撑。

Abstract:

To address the dual challenges of conserving and utilizing alpine plant resources in the context of climate change, this study focuses on alpine bulbous perennial plants in the Hengduan Mountains through a systematic investigation and evaluation of their diversity and economic value. A novel ex-situ conservation and research system based on living germplasm was established. The main results are as follows: (1) Statistical analyses revealed the presence of 479 species of bulbous perennial plants, representing 164 genera across 47 families in this region. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model, the introduction potential was quantitatively assessed by integrating ecological factors and economic indicators, thereby identifying priority species for conservation and utilization. (2) The research elucidates the intrinsic adaptation mechanisms of bulbous perennial plants to extreme alpine environments, highlighting the role of underground storage organs in clonal reproduction and environmental resilience, thus overcoming the traditional propagation bottleneck associated with seed germination. The living germplasm system enhances the stable supply and utilization efficiency of experimental materials and serves as a critical platform for ex-situ conservation of endangered species as well as for subsequent molecular genetics and metabolomic studies. (3) Limitations of the current evaluation model and living preservation techniques are critically analyzed, and future directions are proposed, including the integration of multidisciplinary technologies to improve resource assessment accuracy and broaden the application scope of the living system. This work provides scientific foundation and technical support for the conservation, development, and sustainable utilization of alpine bulbous perennial plants resources amid the challenges posed by climate change and human interference.