贵州石松类和蕨类植物多样性与地理分布研究(附录)

Research on the diversity and geographic distribution of lycophytes and ferns in Guizhou, China

关键词:  贵州省, 物种多样性, 石松类, 蕨类, 物种编目

Key words:  Guizhou Province, species diversity, lycophytes, ferns, species cataloging

摘要:

为了系统地更新并分析贵州石松类和蕨类植物名录,以及为该区域植物多样性的保护与可持续利用提供科学依据,该研究通过整合相关文献资料,结合相关数据库和标本信息,依据PPG Ⅰ分类系统,对贵州境内石松类和蕨类植物的种类组成、分布格局与区系特征进行了全面统计与分析。结果表明:(1)贵州的石松类和蕨类植物资源十分丰富,共有37科121属934种3亚种35变种,其中石松类植物3科9属61种(含种下分类单位,下同),蕨类植物34科112属911种。(2)优势科有鳞毛蕨科(238种)、凤尾蕨科(121种)、水龙骨科(117种)、蹄盖蕨科(115种)等; 优势属包括耳蕨属(101种)、鳞毛蕨属(84种)、铁角蕨属(48种)、凤尾蕨属(44种)等。(3)贵州有国家重点保护石松类和蕨类植物7科9属20种,受威胁物种13科22属47种。(4)在水平分布上,黔南布依族苗族自治州物种数量最多(586种),六盘水市最少(224种),垂直分布呈现“中间膨胀效应”,900～1 300 m海拔范围内物种最为丰富。(5)在生态类型上,以土生类最多(533种),其次为石生类(264种)、附生类(99种)、土生兼石生类(69种),水生类最少(7种)。(6)属的区系分析表明,贵州石松类和蕨类植物以热带成分为主,体现出与中国蕨类植物热带优势特征的一致性。综上,该研究结果不仅完善了贵州石松类和蕨类植物的基础数据,也为推动区域植物资料调查、生态保护规划及生物多样性研究提供了重要支撑。

Abstract:

In or1. Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2. College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 3. College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Chinader to systematically update and analyze the plant checklist of lycophytes and ferns in Guizhou, and to provide a scientific basis for the biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization in the region, we investigated relevant literature, databases, and specimen information, and conducted comprehensive statistics and analyses of species composition, distribution patterns, and floristic characteristics of lycophytes and ferns in Guizhou based on the PPG I classification system. The main results were as follows:(1)Guizhou harbored exceptionally rich diversity of lycophytes and ferns, comprising 37 families, 121 genera, 934 species, 3 subspecies, and 35 varieties. These included 3 families, 9 genera, and 61 species(including infraspecific taxa, hereafter)of lycophytes, and 34 families, 112 genera, and 911 species of ferns.(2)The dominant families included Dryopteridaceae(238 species), Pteridaceae(121 species), Polypodiaceae(117 species), Athyriaceae(115 species), etc.; the dominant genera included Polystichum(101 species), Dryopteris(84 species), Asplenium(48 species), Pteris(44 species), etc.(3)The province contained 20 nationally protected species from 7 families and 9 genera, as well as 47 threatened species from 13 families and 22 genera.(4)In terms of horizontal distribution, species richness was the highest in Qiannan Buyi and Miao Prefecture(586 species)and the lowest in Liupanshui City(224 species), with a vertical distribution pattern showing a “mid-domain effect” with a maximum species diversity at 900 - 1 300 m elevation.(5)In terms of ecological types, terricolous species were the most abundant(533 species), followed by saxicolous(264 species), epiphytic(99 species), terricolous-saxicolous(69 species), with aquatic species being the rarest(7 species).(6)Floristic analysis at the genus level indicated that the lycophytes and ferns of Guizhou were dominated by tropical elements, consistent with the tropical dominance characteristics of Chinese fern flora. In conclusion, the results of this research not only enhance the fundamental data on lycophytes and ferns in Guizhou, but also provide critical support for advancing regional botanical surveys, ecological conservation planning, and biodiversity research.