内生拟茎点霉菌剂对两面针生长和土壤微生态的影响

Effects of endophytic Phomopsis sp. microbial agent on growth and soil microecology of Zanthoxylum nitidum

关键词:  两面针, 内生拟茎点霉, 微生物菌剂, 促生作用, 土壤微生态

Key words:  Zanthoxylum nitidum, endophytic Phomopsis sp., microbial agent, promoting growth, soil microecology

摘要:

为探究内生拟茎点霉Y118菌剂对两面针生长和土壤微生态的影响,该研究以药用植物两面针为材料,采用盆栽试验,设置5个菌剂剂量,测定并分析两面针生物量、有效成分含量、土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性和土壤微生物组成结构。结果表明:(1)菌剂Y118施用显著提高两面针生物量,当菌剂用量为25 g·株^-1时,两面针叶鲜重、叶干重、根鲜重和根干重最大,较对照分别提高了118.4%、73.5%、192.2%和89.4%。(2)菌剂Y118施用促进了有效成分积累,当菌剂用量为35 g·plant^-1时,氯化两面针碱和白屈菜红碱的含量最高,较对照分别提高了160.9%和53.8%。(3)菌剂Y118能不同程度地调节土壤肥力,当菌剂用量为25 g·plant^-1时碱解氮和速效磷的含量最高,较对照分别提高了13.6%和17.9%。(4)菌剂Y118能不同程度地调节土壤酶活性,当菌剂用量为25 g·plant^-1时,蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性最高,较对照分别提高了42.9%和13.4%。(5)菌剂Y118可在一定程度上调节土壤微生物群落结构,其中以Saitozyma、假单胞菌属和曲霉属为主要优势菌属。综上认为,菌剂Y118能促进两面针生长和有效成分积累,这可能与其增强土壤肥力、提升土壤酶活性和影响土壤微生态环境有关。该研究结果为两面针的绿色栽培与科学施肥提供了科学依据。

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of the endophytic Phomopsis Y118 agent on the growth of Zanthoxylum nitidum and soil microecology, this study measured and analyzed the biomass, active ingredient content, soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activities and soil microbial composition structure using Z. nitidum as the experimental material. A pot experiment was conducted with five dosage levels of the microbial agent. The results were as follows:(1)The application of Y118 agent significantly increased the biomass of Z. nitidum. Compared to the control, the leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight achieved their maximum values under 25 g·plant^-1, showing increases of 118.4%, 73.5%, 192.2% and 89.4%, respectively.(2)The application of Y118 agent improved the accumulation of active ingredients. The contents of nitidine chloride and chelerythrine reached their peak levels at the dosage of 35 g·plant^-1, increasing by 160.9% and 53.8% compared to the control, respectively.(3)The application of Y118 agent modulated soil fertility to varying degrees. At a dose of 25 g·plant^-1, the contents of alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus reached their peak levels, increasing by 13.6% and 17.9% compared to the control, respectively.(4)The application of Y118 agent increased the activity of soil enzyme to varying degrees. At a dose of 25 g·plant^-1, the activities of sucrase and catalase in the soil reached maximum values, which were 42.9% and 13.4% higher than the control, respectively.(5)The application of Y118 agent regulated the soil microbiome structure to some extent, with Saitozyma, Pseudomonas and Aspergillus emerging as the predominant genera. In conclusion, Y118 agent promotes the growth and accumulation of active ingredients in Zanthoxylum nitidum, which may be related to improving soil fertility and enzyme activity, and influencing the soil micro-ecological environment. Our findings provide a scientific foundation for the green cultivation and scientific fertilization of Z. nitidum.