引进盆栽小菊品种观赏价值及园林应用的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation on ornamental value and landscape application of introduced potted chrysanthemum cultivars

关键词:  盆栽菊, 层次分析法, 观赏价值, 园林应用, 引种栽培

Key words:  potted chrysanthemum, AHP(analytical hierarchy process), ornamental value, landscape application, introduction and cultivation

摘要:

为更好地指导盆栽小菊的引种和栽培,筛选适宜粤港澳大湾区产业化生产应用的优良品种,该文以荷兰引进的30个盆栽小菊品种为研究对象,从观赏性和适应性两个方面选取22个评价指标,基于层次分析法(AHP)构建了一套盆栽小菊园林应用综合评价体系。结果表明:(1)花色、花径、冠幅和观花期等4个评价指标权重值居前,是影响盆栽小菊观赏价值的关键因子。(2)利用该评价体系对30个盆栽小菊品种进行综合评价,将其划分为优秀、良好、一般和较差等4个等级,各等级品种数所占比例分别为16.67%、26.67%、43.33%和13.33%。从中筛选出‘西奥'‘马里奥'‘红粉佳人'‘绿色心情'和‘卡斯蒂赫'等5个优秀品种,这些品种普遍具有花色艳丽、花径大、花期长和抗旱性强等优点,可在粤港澳大湾区规模化生产。同时筛选出‘德里粉'‘朝阳繁华'‘粉草莓'‘小乒糖心'‘夏之恋'‘迪迪'‘红日'和‘小行星'等8个优良品种,这些品种整体性状表现优良,可作为园林应用的补充材料进行小规模栽培。采用AHP法可有效进行盆栽小菊品种综合评价与分级,并筛选观赏价值高、适应性强的优良品种供园林生产应用。

Abstract:

In order to screen suitable varieties for industrial production in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and to provide a better guidance for the introduction and cultivation of potted chrysanthemum, a quality evaluation system was established based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)via 22 factors from ornamental value and adaptability, with 30 potted chrysanthemum cultivars introduced from Netherlands as materials. The results were as follows:(1)The flower color, flower diameter, crown width and florescence are the four key factors affecting the ornamental value of potted chrysanthemum.(2)Based on the comprehensively evaluation system, the 30 potted chrysanthemum cultivars were classified into four grades, namely excellent, good, general and poor, of which amounted for 16.67%, 26.67%, 43.33% and 13.33%, respectively. Five excellent cultivars including ‘Maurico Purple'‘Mario'‘Kaka Pink'‘Fabiano' and ‘Castrilho' were screened. These cultivars generally had bright colors, large flower diameter, long flowering period and strong drought resistance. They could be used for large-scale production in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. At the same time, eight good varieties such as ‘Derlei Dark'‘Violento'‘Givanildo Pink'‘Mundo Coral'‘Countinho Red'‘Didi'‘Eder' and ‘Mundo' were screened out. These varieties have good characteristics and can be introduced and popularized as supplementary varieties for small-scale production. The AHP method can be used to effectively evaluate and classify the potted chrysanthemum, and to select effectively the perfect ornamental value and well-adapted resources for landscape application.