壮药材火索藤的生药学研究

Pharmacognostical study of Zhuang medicinal herb Bauhinia aurea

关键词:  壮药, 火索藤, 生药学, 鉴别, HPLC, 金丝桃苷, 落新妇苷, 槲皮苷

Key words:  Zhuang medicinal herb, Bauhinia aurea, pharmacognosy, identification, HPLC, hyperoside, astilbin, quercitin

摘要:

为建立火索藤(Bauhinia aurea)的鉴别方法及含量测定方法,解决其真伪辨别的问题,分析其药效不一的原因,该文采用基原鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、薄层色谱法及高效液相色谱法对火索藤开展生药学研究。结果表明:(1)火索藤为多年生粗壮木质藤本,其茎、叶、花、果实表面均被红棕色茸毛。(2)茎横切面皮层可见大量石细胞群及晶纤维,髓部常见草酸钙簇晶、方晶; 叶横切面显示其叶为异面叶,皮层可见草酸钙簇晶、方晶,韧皮部可见分泌腔断续排列成环,韧皮部外侧常见晶纤维。粉末中可见草酸钙簇晶、晶纤维、石细胞、具缘纹孔导管、非腺毛、气孔。(3)各批次火索藤TLC斑点与对照品金丝桃苷、落新妇苷、槲皮苷在薄层色谱图的相同位置上显相同颜色荧光。(4)落新妇苷和槲皮苷进样量分别在0.005 888～2.355 μg(r=0.999 6)、0.039 55～1.582 μg(r=0.999 8)与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,加样回收率分别为96.42%、104.2%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)值分别为2.55%、1.79%。该文建立了火索藤的生药学鉴别方法和一种同时测定其中落新妇苷、槲皮苷的含量测定方法,该方法简便、稳定、准确,可为该药材质量标准的制定提供依据。

Abstract:

The pharmacognostical study of Bauhinia aurea was conducted, in order to establish the identification method and content determination method and solve the problem of its authenticity, and to analyze the reasons for its different clinical efficacies. The methods of primary identification, morphological identification, microscopic identification, TLC identification and HPLC were used in the pharmacognostical study of B. aurea. The results were as follows:(1)It is a perennial stout woody vine with reddish brown hairs on the surface of stems, leaves, flowers and fruits.(2)A large number of stone cell groups and crystal fiber could be seen in the cortex of the transverse section of stems. The calcium oxalate cluster crystals and square crystals were scattered in the parenchyma of pith. The cross section of the leaves showed that the leaves were bifacial leaves. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals and square crystals were commonly found in the cortex. Secretory cavities were arranged intermittently into a ring in the phloem. Crystal fibers were often seen around the phloem. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals, crystal fibers, stone cells, bordered pit vessels, non-glandular hairs and stomata could be found in the powder.(3)The spots of samples were displayed in the same color as the reference substances in the same position of the TLC figure.(4)The linear ranges of astilbin and quercitin were 0.005 888-2.355 μg(r=0.999 6)and 0.039 55-1.582 μg(r=0.999 8). The average recoveries(n=6)were 96.42%(RSD=2.55%)and 104.2%(RSD=1.79%). In this study, pharmacognostical identification methods and a HPLC method for simultaneous content determination of two components astilbin and quercitin in B. aurea were developed. The methods are simple, stable, accurate, which can be used as the basis to set up its quality standard.