椿根皮的化学成分及抑菌活性研究

Chemical constituents from the root bark of Ailanthus altissima and their antibacterial activities

关键词:  椿根, 化学成分, 分离纯化, 结构鉴定, 抑菌活性

Key words:  Ailanthus altissima, chemical constituents, separation and purification, structure identification, antibacterial activity

摘要:

为探寻椿根皮抑菌的物质基础,该研究采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等方法对椿根皮甲醇提取物进行分离和纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析单体化合物的结构,并以卡那霉素为对照组采用流式细胞法测试化合物的抑菌活性。结果表明:从椿根皮中得到22个化合物,分别鉴定为pleuchiol(1)、withastramonolide(2)、7-ketositosterol(3)、白桦酯醇(4)、桦木酸甲酯(5)、1, 2, 4-trimethoxybenzene(6)、顺丁烯二酸二甲酯(7)、sonderianol(8)、dibutyl phthalate(9)、pinoresinol(10)、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯(11)、avenalumic acid methyl ester(12)、5,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy-flavone(13)、spathulenol(14)、2-甲基-5-丙基酮-7-羟基色原酮(15)、 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone(16)、annphenone(17)、3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸(18)、5,3',4'-三羟基-7-甲氧基二氢黄酮(19)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(20)、4-O-甲基没食子酸(21)、对苯二甲酸二辛酯(22)。所有化合物均为首次从椿根皮中分离得到。抑菌活性测试结果显示,化合物2对绿脓杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌均有抑制作用,化合物3对枯草芽孢杆菌有抑制作用,化合物8对绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌均有抑制作用,化合物17对绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制作用。其中,化合物2对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用与卡那霉素无显著差异(P>0.05)。

Abstract:

In order to explore the antibacterial material basis from the root bark of Ailanthus altissima, the silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 were employed to separate and purify methanol extract from the root bark of the A. altissima, and the structures of the compounds were identified by chemical properties and spectral data. Flow cytometry was employed to test the antibacterial activity of the compounds, and kanamycin was used as control group. The results were as follows: Twenty-two compounds were isolated and elucidated from the root bark of A. altissima respectively as pleuchiol(1), withastramonolide(2), 7-ketositosterol(3), betulin(4), betulinic acid methyl ester(5), 1, 2, 4-trimethoxybenzene(6), dimethyl maleate(7), sonderianol(8), dibutyl phthalate(9), pinoresinol(10), p-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester(11), avenalumic acid methyl ester(12), 5, 3'-dihydroxy-3,7, 4'-trimethoxyflavone(13), spathulenol(14), 2-methyl-5-acetonyl-7-hydroxychromone(15), 7, 4'-dihydroxyflavone(16), annphenone(17), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid(18), 5, 3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone(19), dibutyl phthalate(20), 4-O-methylgallic acid(21), dioctyl terephthalate(22). All compounds were isolated from the root bark of A. altissima for the first time. The antibacterial activity tests showed that Compound 2 had inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Compound 3 had inhibitory effects on Bacillus subtilis. Compound 8 had inhibitory effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Compound 17 had inhibitory effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibitory effect of Compound 2 on Bacillus subtilis was not significantly different from kanamycin(P>0.05). This paper aims to clarify the antibacterial substance basis of the root bark of A. altissima, and provide a certain theoretical basis for the development and utilization of the root of A. altissima resources and the research and development of drugs with antibacterial activity.