中国星文衣属地衣型真菌的分类研究

Taxonomical study on lichenized fungi genus Sarcographa from China

关键词:  茶渍纲, 厚顶盘目, 文字衣科, 拟星文衣属, 分类学

Key words:  Lecanoromycetes, Ostropales, Graphidaceae, Sarcographina, taxonomy

摘要:

星文衣属(Sarcographa)隶属于真菌界(Fungi)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、茶渍纲(Lecanoromycetes)、厚顶盘目(Ostropales)、文字衣科(Graphidaceae),该属地衣体为壳状,子囊盘为放射分支状,多具子座,子囊含8孢子,子囊孢子褐色,横隔透镜型或亚砖壁型,主要分布于热带亚热带地区。该文通过形态学、解剖学、化学与分子生物学等方法进行该属分类学研究,共报道了中国该属9种,其中变黄星文衣[Sarcographa flavescens(Dal-Forno & Eliasaro)L. W. Chen & Z. F. Jia]为新组合(≡ Phaeographis flavescens Dal-Forno & Eliasaro); 曲线星文衣[Sarcographa labyrinthica (Ach.)Müll. Arg. ]为中国大陆新记录种。同时,该文对近似属拟星文衣属(Sarcographina)的1物种——异孢拟星文衣[Sarcographina heterospora(Nyl.)Z. F. Jia & Lücking]进行了描述,并提供了10个物种的特征提要及与其近似种的区别特征,并编制了分种检索表。该研究为中国地衣型真菌生物多样性研究提供了基础资料。

Abstract:

The lichenized fungi genus Sarcographa belongs to Graphidaceae, Ostropales, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota, Fungi. It is characterized by radial apothecia, strongly branched and immersed in stromata, 8-spored asci, transversely septate or submuriform ascospores, and tropical and subtropical distribution. Based on the methods of morphology, anatomy, chemistry and molecular biology, nine species of Sarcographa in China are reported. The new combination Sarcographa flavescens (Dal-Forno & Eliasaro)L. W. Chen & Z. F. Jia, comb. nov. is proposed for Phaeographis flavescens Dal-Forno & Eliasaro, and Sarcographa labyrinthica (Ach.)Müll. Arg. is a new record to Chinesee mainland. Sarcographina heterospora (Nyl.)Z. F. Jia & Lücking, a species of allies genus Sarcographina is described, and a brief description to each known species and discussions with their similar species are given. A key to the known species of Sarcographa(incl. Sarcographina)in China is also shown. The study provides basic information for the biodiversity of lichenized fungi in China.