半耳箬竹(竹亚科)的形态补充描述

Morphological supplementary description of Indocalamus semifalcatus (H. R. Zhao et Y. L. Yang)T. P. Yi(Bambusoideae)

关键词:  竹类, 箬竹属, 描述, SEM, 地理分布

Key words:  Bamboo, Indocalamus, description, SEM, geographical distribution

摘要:

半耳箬竹[Indocalamus semifalcatus(H. R. Zhao et Y. L. Yang)T. P. Yi]在原始文献中仅有部分营养器官的描述。该文通过野外居群调查、室内体视解剖和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察,新增了半耳箬竹的花器官描述和叶下表皮微形态特征,完善了其营养器官的性状描述,更新了其地理分布。结果表明:(1)繁殖器官性状:花序为圆锥状,小穗及小穗轴密被白色短柔毛,颖片、外稃及内稃光滑无毛,雄蕊3枚,花药紫红色,柱头2,白色,羽毛状。(2)营养体性状:秆高达4.5 m,径达2 cm,箨耳半镰形或微弱,箨片直立紧贴秆,叶耳微弱或无,叶舌上具较发达的纤毛; 叶片两面同色且无毛。(3)叶下表皮微形态特征:气孔器凹陷不可见,8～10个长乳突平铺覆盖气孔,硅质体马鞍形,未见有大毛和刺毛。(4)新分布区域1个,即贵州省贵阳市观音山。该种与箬叶竹(I. longiauritus Hand.-Mazz.)最为相似,主要区别在于该种的箨鞘和叶鞘上具有半镰形的箨耳或箨耳缺失,秆高达4.5 m,径达2 cm。

Abstract:

In the protologue of Indocalamus semifalcatus(H. R. Zhao et Y. L. Yang)T. P. Yi, there were only parts of vegetative organs reported. Based on field population investigation, indoor stereoscopic anatomy and scanning electron microscope(SEM), its reproductive organs, complete vegetative organs and micromorphological features of the abaxial leaf epidermis, were described and illustrated herein, and its geographical distribution was also updated. The results were as follows:(1)Reproductive organ features: panicle, spikelet and spike densely white pubescent, glume, pelea and lemma both smooth and glabrous, stamens 3, anthers purple, stigmas 2, white, feathery.(2)Vegetative features: culms up to 4.5 m tall, up to 2 cm in diameter, culm sheath auricle semifalcate or weak, culm sheath erect close to culm, foliage auricle weak or absent, ligule margin with densely ciliate; both sides of leaf blade homochromatic and glabrous.(3)Micromorphologic characteristics of the abaxial leaf: stomatal apparatus invisible, eight to ten elongated papillae covered the stomatal apparatus, silica bodies saddle-shaped, micro-hairs and macro-hairs both absent.(4)The new distribution area was Guanyin Mountain of Guiyang in Guizhou. The species is the most similar to I. longiauritus Hand.-Mazz., differed by culm sheath and leaf sheath with auricles semifalcate or rare, culm up to 4.5 m tall and 2 cm in diameter.