| 摘要: |
| 高山地区生境极端,却拥有许多形态特化的植物,非生物因素在塑造花部性状及其进化过程中发挥着重要作用。该研究选取龙胆科典型高山植物喉毛花(Comastoma pulmonarium)为对象,探究其毛状副冠在多雨、强辐射的极端高山环境中的适应意义及其对植物雌雄繁殖适合度的影响。结果表明:通过比较自然状态和人工去除副冠的花,毛状副冠有效减少了雨水对花粉的冲刷(t=2.61,P<0.05),提高了受精比率(t=2.05,P<0.05),但是对种子的质量,即种子重量和种子萌发率的影响不显著。另外,花粉浸泡在蒸馏水中后,其萌发率显著低于蔗糖溶液中(t=30.67,P<0.001),表明毛状副冠能够有效减小雨水浸泡对花粉活力的影响; 同时,与自然状态相比,去除毛状副冠后的花,经太阳暴晒后,其花粉萌发率同样极显著地降低(t=9.89,P<0.001),表明毛状副冠有效地避免了太阳辐射对花粉质量产生的不利影响。该研究结果表明喉毛花的毛状副冠结构是应对高山恶劣环境的一种适应策略,对植株的雌性和雄性繁殖成功都具有重要意义,从而进一步证实了非生物因素在植物花部特征演化中的重要作用。 |
| 关键词: 高山环境, 喉毛花, 毛状副冠, 繁殖适合度 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201707003 |
| 分类号:Q948 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2018)02-0153-06 |
| Fund project:国家自然科学基金(31500193); 河南省高等学校重点科研计划项目(15A180048); 河南师范大学博士启动课题(qd14169); 河南省科技攻关项目(162102110017)[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31500193); Key Program of Higher Education of Henan Province(15A180048); Doctoral Starting up Foundation of Henan Normal University(qd14169); Scientific and Technological Program of Henan Province(162102110017)]。 |
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| Adaptive significance of hairy corona to an alpine plant Comastoma pulmonarium |
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ZHANG Chan1, ZHANG Xin1, MI Zhaorong2, HUANG Yuhan1, MA Jianmin1*
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1. College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China;2. Farmland Irrigation
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
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| Abstract: |
| Despite of the harsh environmental conditions, alpine regions have very specialized and diverse plants. Abiotic factors play important roles in the formation and evolution of floral traits of these alpine plants. In this paper, the hairy corona of alpine plant Comastoma pulmonarium was studied to explore the evolutionary and adaptive significance of this distinctive floral structure in the extreme alpine environment and its effects on plant reproductive fitness. The results showed that in artificially corona removed flowers, pollen grains in anthers(t = 2.61, P<0.05)and fertilization rate(t=2.05, P<0.05)decreased greatly after rain-wash. However, there were no significant differences of the seed weight and seed germination rate between artificially corona removed flowers and control flowers. Additionally, pollen germination rate reduced significantly due to water immersion(t = 30.67, P<0.001)and direct exposure to sunlight(t = 9.89,P<0.001), indicating that hairy corona could maintain viability of pollen grains in front of rain immersion and intense solar radiation. This study indicates that the hairy corona of C. pulmonarium has adaptive significance for both male and female reproductive success in the harsh environment of alpine regions, and further confirms selection on the flower morphology of alpine plants by abiotic factors. |
| Key words: alpine environment, Comastoma pulmonarium, hairy corona, reproductive fitness |
