海南俄贤岭石灰岩山地海南大戟灌丛群落研究

Study on the community of Euphorbia hainanensis in the limestone shrubland of Exianling Moutains, Hainan Province

关键词:  海南  石灰岩  灌丛  群落特征  物种多样性

Key words:  Hainan  limestone  shrubland  community characteristics  species diversity

摘要:

根据样方调查,对海南俄贤岭自然保护区海南大戟灌丛群落的种类组成、外貌、结构特征和物种多样性进行分析。结果表明,在700 m²样地中,有维管植物77种,隶属于47科70属。群落中乔木的个体数量很少,主要由灌木和草本组成,灌木层主要优势种为海南大戟等。群落外貌常绿,生活型以小高位芽为主,占22.08%; 按照Raunkiaer的频度等级定律,属于B级的种类最多,频度值为43.42。整个群落的物种丰富度Magarlef指数为8.56,Shannon-Wiener指数为1.38,Simposon为0.90,均匀度指数为0.32。群落各层次的丰富度格局表现为灌木层>草本层>乔木层>藤本植物,多样性格局为灌木层>乔木层>草本层<(>)藤本植物,均匀度格局为乔木层>藤本植物>灌木层>草本层。

Abstract:

The characteristics and species diversity of the Euphorbia hainanensis community in Exianling Natural Reserve of Hainan were studied based on community investigation. The result showed that 77 species in 70 genera and 47 families of vascular plants were found in 7 plots of 700 m². The shrub layer and the herb layer are the main composition of the community,and E.hainanensis,Schefflera arboricola,Jasminum elongatum are the main dominant species in the shrub layer. The physiognomy of the community was evergreen,and the life form in the community was dominated by microphanerophytes(22.08%). The B-level frequency is the most important composition with 90% by Raunkiaer's frequency law. The species diversity of the community is relatively poor with the Margalef index of 8.56,the Shannon-Wiener index of 1.38,the Simpon index of 0.90 and the evenness index of 0.32. The species richness pattern of every layers of the community is shrub layer >herb layer>tree layer>liana layer,the species diversity pattern is shrub layer>tree layer>herb layer>liana layer,and the evenness pattern is tree layer>liana layer>shrub layer>herb layer. Because of the excess disturbing by the local minority,the species and the vegetation should be protected efficiently as quickly as possible.