中国蜡梅属种质资源的分布及其特点

Distribution and characteristic of Chimonanthus germplasm in China

关键词:  蜡梅  垂直分布  水平分布  生境特点  植被类型

Key words:  Chimonanthus Lindl.  vertical distribution  horizontal distribution  habitat feature  vegetation form

摘要:

根据对中国蜡梅属种质资源的调查,结合已有资料,重点阐述了中国蜡梅属植物的地理分布、水平和垂直分布特点及其生境特点。现知中国蜡梅属植物主要分布于我国的13个省,其水平分布很广,很连续,主要分布于秦岭以南、横断山脉以东的广大地区。垂直分布跨度很大,但垂直分布的上下限与经纬度无显著的相关性。蜡梅属植物对水热条件要求较严格,土壤基质多为沙壤土,在群系组成中,蜡梅属植物多为林木层和灌木层的优势成分。蜡梅属植物跨有5个植被类型,主要生长在常绿落叶阔叶混交林和常绿阔叶林地带。

Abstract:

Based on the survey and preexisting data, this paper deals with with the distributions,the characteristic of vertical distribution and horizontal distribution and habitat of Chimonanthus germplasm in China. The distribution range of Chimonanthus germplasm includes 13 provinces,which is wide and continuous,the current distribution center is from the South of Qinling Mountains to the East of Hengduan Mountains.The span of vertical distribution is very big,but the boundary of vertical distribution is not relative greatly to geographic coordinate. Hydrothermal condition is very important to the exsit of Chimonanthus germplasm. Soil matrix is mostly sand and loam soil. Chimonanthus germplasm is the dominant component of forest layer and bush layer. Chimonanthus, which includes 5 vegetation form,mainly grows in the evergreen defoliate broad-leaved mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest.