西双版纳热带山地常绿阔叶林蕨类植物的组成及生态特征

Species composition and ecological characteristics of ferns on the tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Xishuangbanna

关键词:  西双版纳  热带山地常绿阔叶林  蕨类植物  生态特征

Key words:  Xishuangbanna  tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest  ferns  ecological characteristics

摘要:

根据4个50 m×50 m样地(400个5 m×5 m小样方,共计1 hm²取样面积)的详细调查及对各样地外蕨类植物区系的采集调查,研究了西双版纳热带山地常绿阔叶林蕨类组成特点及其数量特征等。结果表明:在所调查的5 hm²滇南热带山地常绿阔叶林里记录有蕨类植物64种; 在生活型组成上,以地面芽和地下芽为主; 在叶特征上,以革质和纸质叶居多,叶形以一回羽状和二回羽状叶占优势; 在森林群落中蕨类植物有明显的季相变化; 在重要值上,狗脊、疏叶蹄盖蕨、苏铁蕨、光叶鳞盖蕨、清秀复叶耳蕨和假稀羽鳞毛蕨的重要值之和占重要值总和的84.02%,其中,狗脊的重要值占重要值总和的1/3以上,它们是该森林群落中占优势的蕨类种类,在生态分布上为该森林群落的“适宜种”; 研究还发现,勐腊凤尾蕨为该森林群落的确限种。

Abstract:

Based on the data from 4 sampling plots of 50 m×50 m(divided into 400 small plots of 5 m×5 m),floristic composition and ecological characteristics of the tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Xishuangbanna were studied. Total 64 fern species were recorded from the forest. These ferns were dominated by Chamaephytes and Geophytes with leathery and papery leaves. In species composition,Woodwardia japonica,Athyrium dissifolium,Brainea insignis,Microlepia calvescens,Arachniodes spectabilis and Dryopteris pseudosparsa are the most abundant species with high IVI and considered to be preferential species to the tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest. The species Pteris menglaensis is suggested to be an exclusive species to the forest although it is not an abundant species.