棉花在广西南宁的越冬耐冷性鉴定和遗传分析

Identify and genetic analysis on the cryotolerance of overwintering cotton in Nanning， Guangxi

关键词:  棉花  多年生  越冬  耐冷性

Key words:  cotton  perennial  overwintering  cryotolerance

摘要:

在广西南宁对不同种质来源的棉花材料及其杂交后代进行越冬耐冷性鉴定，为多年生棉花耐冷育种提供基础材料。在开展最佳处理时间和处理温度筛选的基础上，采用5个耐冷生理生化指标（相对电导率、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛和脯氨酸）和露地越冬指标综合鉴定63份材料的越冬耐冷性，并运用系统聚类的方法将其聚为4大类，即耐冷型23份、中度耐冷型19份、中度冷敏型9份和冷敏型12份，分别占供试材料的36.51%、30.16%、14.29%和19.05%。所有耐冷型材料均和多年生海岛棉种质有关，说明多年生海岛棉在越冬耐冷性育种上具有很高的利用价值。供试棉花材料越冬性的细胞质效应不显著，杂交后代的越冬性有向亲本的平均类型回归的趋势。

Abstract:

The overwintering cryotolerance of cotton materials derived from different germplasm and their hybrids were identified in Nanning，to provide the basic materials for perennial cotton breeding in cryotolerance. Based on the selection of the optimal stress temperature and time，5 physiological and biochemical indexes(relative conductivity，soluble sugar，soluble protein，MDA and proline)of cryotolerance and overwintering survivorship in open field were used to identify comprehensively on the overwintering cryotolerance of 63 materials，then they were clustered into 4 categories:23 materials in cryotolerant type，19 materials in middle cryotolerant type，9 materials in middle cryosensitive type and 12 materials in cryosensitive type，accounting for 36.51%、30.16%、14.29% and 19.05% respectively. All materials in cryotolerant type were relative with germplasm of perennial island cotton，which indicated that the cryotolerance of overwintering in perennial island cotton was very useful for breeding. Cytoplasm effect of overwintering survival wasn’t significant in testing cotton materials，the overwintering survival of hybrids were in regression trend of mean type in ancestors.