温度对绞股蓝和五柱绞股蓝生长及总皂苷积累的影响

Effects of temperature on growth and total gypenosides accumulation in Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Gynostemma pentagynum

关键词:  绞股蓝  五柱绞股蓝  温度  生长  绞股蓝总皂苷

Key words:  Gynostemma pentaphyllum  G.pentagynum  temperature  growth  total gypenosides

摘要:

温度是影响绞股蓝生长发育和总皂苷积累的重要环境因子之一。将绞股蓝和五柱绞股蓝幼苗置于10、15、20、25 ℃和30 ℃的光照培养箱中处理40 d，检测其形态指标和总皂苷含量。结果表明:在25 ℃条件下，绞股蓝的叶面积、叶柄长、茎长、新萌叶片数、生物量和总叶绿素含量均为最高，五柱绞股蓝的生长发育也具有类似的规律，因此推断25 ℃是绞股蓝和五柱绞股蓝生长发育的适温条件。绞股蓝和五柱绞股蓝的总皂苷含量则以30 ℃下最高。绞股蓝的生物量和总皂苷含量决定了总皂苷产量，25～30 ℃最有利于提高绞股蓝的总皂苷产量，30 ℃则是提高五柱绞股蓝总皂苷产量的最适温度。

Abstract:

Temperature is one of the important environmental factors that affect the growth，development and accumulation of total gypenosides in Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Seedlings of G.pentaphyllum and G.pentagynum were grown in illumination incubators with temperatures of 10 ℃，15 ℃，20 ℃，25 ℃ and 30 ℃ respectively for 40 d. Then the morphological index and total gypenosides content were determined. The results showed that G.pentaphyllum had the highest values of leaf area，petiole length，stem length，sprouted leaves，biomass and total content of chlorophyll at the temperature of 25 ℃. The growth trend of G.pentagynum was similar to that of G.pentaphyllum. So 25 ℃ was suggested to be the optimum temperature for the growth of above two species. Both G.pentaphyllum and G.pentagynum had the highest content of total gypenosides at the temperature of 30 ℃. The yield of total gypenosides was composed of biomass and content of gypenosides. The temperature which was in favor of accelerating the yield of total gypenosides for G.pentaphyllum was 25-30 ℃，and that for G.pentagynum was 30 ℃.